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WEBVTT 1 00:00:32.242 --> 00:00:34.239 [somber music] 2 00:00:54.241 --> 00:00:56.238 [somber music continues] 3 00:02:00.848 --> 00:02:05.848 Subtitles by explosiveskull 4 00:02:25.572 --> 00:02:27.203 [Adam exhales sharply] 5 00:02:30.173 --> 00:02:32.606 I am an O-ring expert. 6 00:02:32.608 --> 00:02:34.706 I worked on the Solid Rocket Boosters 7 00:02:34.708 --> 00:02:36.406 for the Space Shuttle Challenger. 8 00:02:37.740 --> 00:02:39.438 So you work for NASA? 9 00:02:39.440 --> 00:02:41.503 No. 10 00:02:41.505 --> 00:02:43.805 I worked for the company in Utah 11 00:02:43.807 --> 00:02:46.473 that was contracted to build rockets for NASA. 12 00:02:47.573 --> 00:02:48.837 You work there now? 13 00:02:49.506 --> 00:02:51.339 No. 14 00:02:51.341 --> 00:02:53.504 And your responsibilities were... 15 00:02:53.506 --> 00:02:54.570 what? 16 00:02:56.508 --> 00:02:59.371 I was appointed to the Special Seals Integrity Unit. 17 00:02:59.373 --> 00:03:04.738 And I would make inspections for the recovered rockets 18 00:03:04.740 --> 00:03:06.938 and the rockets that were ready for launch. 19 00:03:06.940 --> 00:03:09.371 And on the night in question during the telecon, 20 00:03:09.373 --> 00:03:10.671 I made my findings clear. 21 00:03:10.673 --> 00:03:13.406 Just a moment, please. We will get to that later. 22 00:03:13.408 --> 00:03:14.937 During the presidential commission, 23 00:03:14.939 --> 00:03:16.504 my colleagues and I expressed our concern. 24 00:03:16.506 --> 00:03:19.174 We will get to that later. 25 00:03:19.176 --> 00:03:21.237 I'm here to bring a billion-dollar civil suit 26 00:03:21.239 --> 00:03:22.138 against my company, 27 00:03:22.140 --> 00:03:24.205 so what do you want to know right now? 28 00:03:24.207 --> 00:03:27.204 I'm here to determine if you are a victim, 29 00:03:27.206 --> 00:03:29.570 or if you are the cause of the problem 30 00:03:29.572 --> 00:03:31.270 before we take your case. 31 00:03:32.305 --> 00:03:34.703 I'm not the problem. 32 00:03:34.705 --> 00:03:38.304 You were responsible for the O-rings, correct? 33 00:03:40.572 --> 00:03:41.570 Yes. 34 00:03:43.705 --> 00:03:46.204 Did anyone work for you or with you? 35 00:03:48.638 --> 00:03:50.237 What does that matter? 36 00:03:50.239 --> 00:03:53.806 Because what you are proposing we do with your case 37 00:03:53.808 --> 00:03:56.639 won't be like the Presidential Commission hearings. 38 00:03:56.641 --> 00:03:59.803 In the Court of Public Opinion, perception matters. 39 00:03:59.805 --> 00:04:03.572 Now, was anyone working for you or with you? 40 00:04:03.574 --> 00:04:06.705 I didn't have any employees working for me, so what? 41 00:04:07.408 --> 00:04:08.839 I'm responsible? 42 00:04:08.841 --> 00:04:11.171 Didn't take you long to us get there, did it? 43 00:04:13.539 --> 00:04:15.372 I'm here to protect you. 44 00:04:15.374 --> 00:04:16.502 Protect us from what? 45 00:04:16.504 --> 00:04:18.739 Well, I heard about what you did, 46 00:04:18.741 --> 00:04:21.340 which was a great thing. 47 00:04:21.342 --> 00:04:22.570 You saw something that concerned you 48 00:04:22.572 --> 00:04:24.539 and you spoke up about it. 49 00:04:24.541 --> 00:04:27.539 I'm the one that tried to stop it. 50 00:04:27.541 --> 00:04:30.405 The future of the space program was in our hands. 51 00:04:30.407 --> 00:04:32.305 And seven lives. 52 00:04:34.473 --> 00:04:36.805 And seven lives. 53 00:04:36.807 --> 00:04:39.336 There are gonna be a lot of accusations, 54 00:04:39.338 --> 00:04:40.872 a lot of questions, 55 00:04:40.874 --> 00:04:42.606 but this is our chance, that... 56 00:04:42.608 --> 00:04:47.272 I mean, our story, as a team, is heard. 57 00:04:47.274 --> 00:04:48.940 Did you know that the Space Shuttle Challenger 58 00:04:48.942 --> 00:04:50.606 was set to launch the day before? 59 00:04:53.741 --> 00:04:55.208 And had it launched, 60 00:04:55.210 --> 00:04:57.407 everything would have been perfectly fine. 61 00:05:00.676 --> 00:05:02.771 If not for a jammed up door handle 62 00:05:02.773 --> 00:05:04.472 on the outer hull of the hatch. 63 00:05:04.474 --> 00:05:06.473 [suspenseful music] 64 00:05:26.506 --> 00:05:28.504 [suspenseful music continues] 65 00:05:34.872 --> 00:05:36.369 [beeping] 66 00:05:42.241 --> 00:05:43.371 [man #1] <i>Yes, sir.</i> 67 00:05:44.442 --> 00:05:45.572 No, sir. 68 00:05:46.940 --> 00:05:48.671 Yes, sir, we're working on it. 69 00:05:50.875 --> 00:05:52.037 Yes, sir. 70 00:05:52.039 --> 00:05:55.170 There were a lot of factors that contributed to this. 71 00:05:57.239 --> 00:06:00.273 In 1986, the space program was attempting to launch 72 00:06:00.275 --> 00:06:02.441 24 shuttles a year. 73 00:06:02.443 --> 00:06:04.239 [man #2] We're really gonna work on a spaceship 74 00:06:04.241 --> 00:06:05.540 with a hacksaw? 75 00:06:05.542 --> 00:06:06.774 [man #3] Should we get the drill? 76 00:06:06.776 --> 00:06:08.276 [man #2] I don't know. 77 00:06:08.278 --> 00:06:10.306 They weren't even getting close. 78 00:06:10.308 --> 00:06:12.539 The most we got was ten. 79 00:06:12.541 --> 00:06:14.339 I think they should send Mike up with the drill. 80 00:06:16.341 --> 00:06:18.407 You guys sending Mike up? 81 00:06:18.409 --> 00:06:19.406 It was embarrassing. 82 00:06:21.241 --> 00:06:23.840 And only added pressure on us to launch. 83 00:06:23.842 --> 00:06:25.739 - What'd they say? - Mike's coming up. 84 00:06:37.941 --> 00:06:39.205 I'll do it. 85 00:06:42.707 --> 00:06:44.705 [foreboding music] 86 00:06:50.707 --> 00:06:53.570 [drill whirring] 87 00:06:57.775 --> 00:06:58.840 [man #2] Got it. 88 00:07:05.374 --> 00:07:07.139 Yes, sir. We got it. 89 00:07:09.610 --> 00:07:10.707 Okay. 90 00:07:13.608 --> 00:07:14.605 Okay. 91 00:07:16.406 --> 00:07:18.438 Okay. Well, I'll let them know, but I think... 92 00:07:20.876 --> 00:07:22.474 Yes, sir, I'll let them know. 93 00:07:24.641 --> 00:07:25.840 What's going on? 94 00:07:25.842 --> 00:07:27.437 They're pushing launch to tomorrow. 95 00:07:27.439 --> 00:07:28.506 Put it back on. 96 00:07:28.508 --> 00:07:29.605 Okay. 97 00:07:31.644 --> 00:07:35.507 [drill whirring] 98 00:07:41.574 --> 00:07:42.842 - Five minutes to finish. - [Charis] Okay. 99 00:07:42.844 --> 00:07:44.108 [Mary] Emma! 100 00:07:45.409 --> 00:07:47.339 Five minutes to get ready. 101 00:07:48.710 --> 00:07:50.405 Dad makes the rockets? 102 00:07:50.407 --> 00:07:52.705 No, dummy, he seals them. 103 00:07:52.707 --> 00:07:54.273 - Don't say "dummy." - [Charis] Stop! 104 00:07:54.908 --> 00:07:56.673 Stop. Mom! 105 00:07:56.675 --> 00:07:58.507 - Stop it. - [Emma] I'm trying to show her. 106 00:07:58.509 --> 00:08:00.408 - Stop! Stop! - The rocket is broken up 107 00:08:00.410 --> 00:08:02.740 into pieces and he makes sure they are sealed 108 00:08:02.742 --> 00:08:05.307 - when they go back together. - Stop that. Come here. 109 00:08:06.575 --> 00:08:08.541 [Emma] I was trying to show her. 110 00:08:08.543 --> 00:08:12.239 Name-calling and bullying accomplishes nothing. 111 00:08:12.241 --> 00:08:13.541 But Dad says being right is what matters. 112 00:08:13.543 --> 00:08:15.674 Dad, tell her you make the rockets. 113 00:08:15.676 --> 00:08:17.472 [Adam] I seal the rockets. 114 00:08:17.474 --> 00:08:18.607 [Emma] See? 115 00:08:18.609 --> 00:08:20.174 And that's part of making the rockets. 116 00:08:20.176 --> 00:08:21.475 - [Charis] See? - Come on, let's go. 117 00:08:21.477 --> 00:08:22.610 We're gonna be late. 118 00:08:22.612 --> 00:08:25.939 [Adam] Let's go, let's go. Five, four, three, two... 119 00:08:25.941 --> 00:08:27.240 Don't forget your lunch. 120 00:08:27.242 --> 00:08:28.605 ...one. 121 00:08:28.607 --> 00:08:29.704 Emma, hey. 122 00:08:32.877 --> 00:08:34.673 - Dad? - Yep? 123 00:08:34.675 --> 00:08:36.341 Is the shuttle launching today? 124 00:08:36.343 --> 00:08:37.540 Nope. You're good. 125 00:08:37.542 --> 00:08:38.442 [Mary] Wait. Why not? 126 00:08:38.444 --> 00:08:40.640 Those idiots can't get anything right. 127 00:08:40.642 --> 00:08:42.442 Don't say "idiots." 128 00:08:42.444 --> 00:08:44.776 And just remember how you're right is important, too. 129 00:08:46.176 --> 00:08:47.672 There's only one way to be right. 130 00:08:49.277 --> 00:08:50.442 [Charis] <i>Dad?</i> 131 00:08:50.444 --> 00:08:52.741 [Adam] <i>Yeah?</i> 132 00:08:52.743 --> 00:08:56.243 Does everybody work at the company you work for? 133 00:08:56.245 --> 00:08:57.373 [Adam] Mostly. 134 00:08:57.375 --> 00:08:59.209 How many? 135 00:08:59.211 --> 00:09:01.341 I don't know. Thousands of those doo-dahs. 136 00:09:01.911 --> 00:09:03.108 Dad? 137 00:09:04.341 --> 00:09:05.806 [Adam] Yes? 138 00:09:05.808 --> 00:09:08.207 Is Mom right or are you right? 139 00:09:10.942 --> 00:09:13.604 [Adam] Now that's the right question to be asking. 140 00:09:13.606 --> 00:09:15.507 Don't you ever forget that. 141 00:09:15.509 --> 00:09:18.842 In our family, we do what's right, okay? 142 00:09:18.844 --> 00:09:21.706 - What does that mean? - [Charis] What does that mean? 143 00:09:21.708 --> 00:09:23.673 That means your mom is probably right. 144 00:09:26.708 --> 00:09:27.738 But we'll see. 145 00:09:33.408 --> 00:09:35.838 [reporter] <i>Many of you in the news media have asked</i> 146 00:09:35.840 --> 00:09:38.906 <i>to have an opportunity to, uh, to hear a little a bit more</i> 147 00:09:38.908 --> 00:09:42.439 <i>about the events that occurred, uh, this morning.</i> 148 00:09:42.441 --> 00:09:44.306 [man #1] <i>Okay, thank you. You know what?</i> 149 00:09:44.308 --> 00:09:46.208 <i>Of course, it was just not our day.</i> 150 00:09:46.210 --> 00:09:47.640 <i>Removed in the...</i> 151 00:09:47.642 --> 00:09:50.306 <i>the ground support assist handle.</i> 152 00:09:50.308 --> 00:09:52.572 <i>And that handle could not be removed</i> 153 00:09:52.574 --> 00:09:54.440 <i>because a threaded fastener</i> 154 00:09:54.442 --> 00:09:56.407 <i>apparently was stripped.</i> 155 00:09:56.409 --> 00:09:58.705 <i>And we had a little bit of problem with the...</i> 156 00:09:58.707 --> 00:10:01.339 <i>the frost and the ice on the external tank.</i> 157 00:10:01.341 --> 00:10:02.708 <i>And then the wind picks up.</i> 158 00:10:02.710 --> 00:10:06.740 <i>Uh, we we're really getting in the condition of no go</i> 159 00:10:06.742 --> 00:10:09.540 <i>from the standpoint of RTLS crosswind.</i> 160 00:10:09.542 --> 00:10:12.507 [man #2] <i>Today also, we used a hacksaw on the, uh, vault.</i> 161 00:10:12.509 --> 00:10:15.605 [man #1] <i>Well, if the, uh, they did use a hacksaw</i> 162 00:10:15.607 --> 00:10:18.475 <i>to... to cut away the... the cylinder</i> 163 00:10:18.477 --> 00:10:20.706 <i>on this... this particular handle.</i> 164 00:10:20.708 --> 00:10:22.607 [reporter] <i>What... At what point would you say,</i> 165 00:10:22.609 --> 00:10:26.673 <i>tomorrow the temperature's have caused, uh, a scrub in...</i> 166 00:10:26.675 --> 00:10:28.240 [man #2] <i>The outside temperature,</i> 167 00:10:28.242 --> 00:10:29.808 <i>the absolute outside temperature,</i> 168 00:10:29.810 --> 00:10:31.610 <i>we... we don't have...</i> 169 00:10:31.612 --> 00:10:33.707 No one seemed to care about the space program 170 00:10:33.709 --> 00:10:36.209 until that stunt with that teacher. 171 00:10:37.211 --> 00:10:39.607 Why do you call it a stunt? 172 00:10:39.609 --> 00:10:42.377 It was unnecessary. 173 00:10:42.379 --> 00:10:47.742 But, suddenly everyone's interested in space again. 174 00:10:47.744 --> 00:10:51.208 [Adam] <i>Everyone was glued to their TVs, which meant...</i> 175 00:10:51.210 --> 00:10:52.475 <i>all eyes were on us.</i> 176 00:10:56.811 --> 00:10:58.508 [Carl] Adam. Adam! 177 00:10:58.510 --> 00:11:00.474 When do you think they will reschedule the launch? 178 00:11:00.476 --> 00:11:01.575 Not sure. 179 00:11:01.577 --> 00:11:03.374 Why did they scrub the launch in the first place? 180 00:11:03.376 --> 00:11:04.709 I don't know. 181 00:11:04.711 --> 00:11:05.673 What about the... 182 00:11:05.675 --> 00:11:07.776 [Adam] Just getting to work like you, okay? 183 00:11:07.778 --> 00:11:09.408 I'm sure we'll find out. 184 00:11:09.410 --> 00:11:11.306 [Carl] Okay. But, uh, they're expecting the temperatures 185 00:11:11.308 --> 00:11:12.908 to be below freezing in Florida. 186 00:11:12.910 --> 00:11:14.274 Freezing in Florida? 187 00:11:14.709 --> 00:11:16.840 Okay. 188 00:11:16.842 --> 00:11:19.641 [Finch] <i>The Challenger launch was postponed three times</i> 189 00:11:19.643 --> 00:11:21.744 and scrubbed once from the planned date 190 00:11:21.746 --> 00:11:24.308 of January 22, 1986. 191 00:11:24.310 --> 00:11:25.341 Correct. 192 00:11:25.343 --> 00:11:28.841 They have a way of twisting your words around 193 00:11:28.843 --> 00:11:29.977 and using them against you. 194 00:11:29.979 --> 00:11:34.341 Would the other launches have resulted in O-ring failures 195 00:11:34.343 --> 00:11:35.576 had they taken place? 196 00:11:35.578 --> 00:11:38.809 You say one thing a little bit different a year from now... 197 00:11:38.811 --> 00:11:40.808 you're on trial for perjury. 198 00:11:40.810 --> 00:11:44.343 I guess the other launches would have been fine. 199 00:11:44.345 --> 00:11:46.843 Do you do a lot of guessing in your line of work? 200 00:11:46.845 --> 00:11:48.409 [reporter] <i>Florida may be experiencing</i> 201 00:11:48.411 --> 00:11:49.510 <i>record low temperatures,</i> 202 00:11:49.512 --> 00:11:51.439 <i>but the heat is still on.</i> 203 00:11:51.441 --> 00:11:54.209 <i>School children from around the nation have gathered</i> 204 00:11:54.211 --> 00:11:57.508 <i>to watch their favorite teacher prepare to blast off into space.</i> 205 00:11:57.510 --> 00:11:59.708 <i>Sadly, there will be no launch today</i> 206 00:11:59.710 --> 00:12:03.841 <i>as NASA has yet again scrubbed another shuttle launch.</i> 207 00:12:03.843 --> 00:12:06.911 <i>This time, because of a jammed door handle.</i> 208 00:12:06.913 --> 00:12:10.741 <i>Will NASA ever launch space shuttle Challenger?</i> 209 00:12:10.743 --> 00:12:12.806 I didn't find out until 1 p.m. 210 00:12:12.808 --> 00:12:14.941 that they planned to launch the next morning. 211 00:12:14.943 --> 00:12:17.409 What was your main concern that day? 212 00:12:17.411 --> 00:12:19.240 Temperature was a concern. 213 00:12:19.242 --> 00:12:20.775 It was the concern. 214 00:12:20.777 --> 00:12:23.242 And at around five o'clock, we began to realize 215 00:12:23.244 --> 00:12:24.540 we were in some serious trouble. 216 00:12:24.542 --> 00:12:26.874 [Adam] Listen to me, I don't think you realize 217 00:12:26.876 --> 00:12:29.177 how deadly important this is. 218 00:12:29.179 --> 00:12:32.375 The shuttle is scheduled to launch in about 16 hours, 219 00:12:32.377 --> 00:12:34.309 so I need to know from you guys 220 00:12:34.311 --> 00:12:37.442 what exactly is the temperature going to be? 221 00:12:37.444 --> 00:12:39.675 - [weather man] <i>In Florida?</i> - Yes, in Florida! 222 00:12:39.677 --> 00:12:42.476 The rockets are in Florida. 223 00:12:42.478 --> 00:12:44.209 [weather man] <i>I'll check, uh, let me see...</i> 224 00:12:45.512 --> 00:12:47.310 <i>Looks like 30 degrees.</i> 225 00:12:49.442 --> 00:12:51.209 And you're sure that's Cape Canaveral, 226 00:12:51.211 --> 00:12:53.143 not Orlando, right? 227 00:13:00.710 --> 00:13:03.874 [Carl chattering indistinctly] 228 00:13:05.444 --> 00:13:06.542 [Adam] Carl, get out. 229 00:13:06.544 --> 00:13:08.773 - Whoa! - It's 30 degrees right now. 230 00:13:08.775 --> 00:13:10.339 - So? - In Florida. 231 00:13:11.676 --> 00:13:13.576 - Are you sure? - [Adam] Of course, I'm sure. 232 00:13:13.578 --> 00:13:15.807 Why do you think I came storming in here? 233 00:13:15.809 --> 00:13:18.242 You come storming in everywhere. 234 00:13:18.244 --> 00:13:19.745 Is it going to get colder than 30 degrees? 235 00:13:19.747 --> 00:13:21.743 What do you think? Does it get colder at night? 236 00:13:22.478 --> 00:13:23.543 Fair point. 237 00:13:23.545 --> 00:13:24.610 - Carl. - [Carl] Mm? 238 00:13:24.612 --> 00:13:25.707 What do you think? 239 00:13:25.709 --> 00:13:27.842 That sounds serious. I think we should tell someone. 240 00:13:27.844 --> 00:13:28.976 Okay, we'll get the guys together, 241 00:13:28.978 --> 00:13:30.911 and we'll, um, discuss it and then take it upstairs. 242 00:13:30.913 --> 00:13:33.176 Will do. 243 00:13:33.178 --> 00:13:35.276 Oh, um, where do you want us to meet? 244 00:13:35.278 --> 00:13:36.641 [Bill] Bullpen. 245 00:13:36.643 --> 00:13:38.208 [Carl] Okay. 246 00:13:38.210 --> 00:13:39.541 Uh, where in the bullpen? 247 00:13:39.543 --> 00:13:41.645 - Oh, boy. - Anywhere is fine, Carl. 248 00:13:41.647 --> 00:13:42.643 On it. 249 00:13:44.479 --> 00:13:45.776 [Adam] This guy. 250 00:13:45.778 --> 00:13:47.310 You have to take it down a notch. 251 00:13:47.312 --> 00:13:48.308 What? 252 00:13:48.310 --> 00:13:50.242 That's why nobody listens to you, you know. 253 00:13:50.244 --> 00:13:51.475 The storming in. 254 00:13:51.477 --> 00:13:53.344 Kicking Carl out. 255 00:13:53.346 --> 00:13:54.542 You know he agrees with you. 256 00:13:54.544 --> 00:13:56.108 Oh, yeah, 'cause I'm right. 257 00:13:58.245 --> 00:13:59.342 Okay. 258 00:14:00.343 --> 00:14:02.375 What do you want to do about it? 259 00:14:02.377 --> 00:14:05.208 Well, what have I been talking about? 260 00:14:05.210 --> 00:14:06.810 - Okay. Okay. - For months? 261 00:14:06.812 --> 00:14:08.276 Dial it down. 262 00:14:10.376 --> 00:14:11.841 You are right. 263 00:14:13.178 --> 00:14:14.943 Correct. We believe you. 264 00:14:14.945 --> 00:14:16.575 [Bill] No one has ever been righter 265 00:14:16.577 --> 00:14:18.510 in the history of being right! 266 00:14:18.512 --> 00:14:20.745 So, what should we do? 267 00:14:20.747 --> 00:14:23.809 Who do you want me to call? You want me to call Reagan? 268 00:14:23.811 --> 00:14:25.644 How do we convince them that you are right? 269 00:14:25.646 --> 00:14:27.741 Convince? This isn't a convincing thing. 270 00:14:27.743 --> 00:14:29.477 You show them the numbers, and that's the number. 271 00:14:29.479 --> 00:14:32.844 I know, but have the numbers meant anything so far? 272 00:14:34.479 --> 00:14:35.809 No. 273 00:14:35.811 --> 00:14:38.407 And you've been at this for about a year now? 274 00:14:38.409 --> 00:14:39.473 And? 275 00:14:41.211 --> 00:14:46.443 So, how do we discuss and convince? 276 00:14:46.445 --> 00:14:49.440 Do you want to run into every office hysterically? 277 00:14:49.442 --> 00:14:50.874 Screaming that the sky is falling? 278 00:14:50.876 --> 00:14:53.609 Again, I don't understand what you're saying right now. 279 00:14:53.611 --> 00:14:55.707 - These idiots... - All right. Hold on. All right! 280 00:14:55.709 --> 00:14:57.643 Let's just talk to the guys and see what they say. 281 00:14:57.645 --> 00:14:59.442 - [Carl] That good? - [Adam] Well, it doesn't matter. 282 00:14:59.444 --> 00:15:01.307 Once they see the facts, then they'll see. 283 00:15:01.309 --> 00:15:02.375 [Carl] Adam, I'm getting a headache 284 00:15:02.377 --> 00:15:03.441 just thinking about this stuff. 285 00:15:03.443 --> 00:15:04.439 Come on, let's go. 286 00:15:05.880 --> 00:15:07.878 [thrilling music] 287 00:15:14.809 --> 00:15:16.243 [Dean] What is it, Carl? 288 00:15:16.245 --> 00:15:18.576 Oh, um, Adam has something to talk about. 289 00:15:18.578 --> 00:15:20.375 [Dean] Is it actually important? 290 00:15:20.377 --> 00:15:22.374 [Carl] He says it's 30 degrees in Florida. 291 00:15:25.244 --> 00:15:27.910 Well, then, that is important. 292 00:15:27.912 --> 00:15:29.376 I'll be there in a moment. 293 00:15:29.378 --> 00:15:30.477 Uh, Carl? 294 00:15:30.479 --> 00:15:31.843 Yes, Dean? 295 00:15:31.845 --> 00:15:33.477 [Dean] Where is "there"? 296 00:15:33.479 --> 00:15:35.642 Oh, uh, the bullpen. 297 00:15:35.644 --> 00:15:38.743 Uh, Carl, where in the bullpen? 298 00:15:38.745 --> 00:15:40.742 [stutters] Oh, I don't know. The middle? 299 00:15:45.280 --> 00:15:47.277 [thrilling music] 300 00:16:01.280 --> 00:16:02.774 Adam and Bill wanna see us. 301 00:16:02.776 --> 00:16:05.543 Oh, come on. I was just about to leave. 302 00:16:05.545 --> 00:16:07.511 I'm hungry. Where we going? 303 00:16:07.513 --> 00:16:09.644 You really need to get a handle on this sort of stuff. 304 00:16:09.646 --> 00:16:10.777 Get it? Handle? 305 00:16:10.779 --> 00:16:13.345 Okay, are you gonna tell me what's going on or what? 306 00:16:13.347 --> 00:16:14.643 Oh, we need to get Frank. 307 00:16:14.645 --> 00:16:15.543 Frank. 308 00:16:15.545 --> 00:16:17.810 Adam's not gonna like us getting Frank. 309 00:16:17.812 --> 00:16:19.677 Adam doesn't like anything. Come on. 310 00:16:21.680 --> 00:16:23.678 [suspenseful music] 311 00:16:27.511 --> 00:16:29.344 We've been summoned. 312 00:16:29.346 --> 00:16:31.809 Not me. I'm not here. 313 00:16:31.811 --> 00:16:33.809 Adam says it's 30 degrees in Florida. 314 00:16:33.811 --> 00:16:35.478 Really? 315 00:16:35.480 --> 00:16:37.510 What is it with this guy, and what's his problem? 316 00:16:37.512 --> 00:16:39.843 I don't know. Let's go find out. 317 00:16:39.845 --> 00:16:42.477 [Frank] I need you guys to back me up on this in there. 318 00:16:42.479 --> 00:16:44.477 Maybe we should hear him out, you know, just in case. 319 00:16:44.479 --> 00:16:46.679 He has been going on about this for a year, 320 00:16:46.681 --> 00:16:47.942 I'm sick of it. 321 00:16:47.944 --> 00:16:49.411 [Edwin] The sooner this is over with, 322 00:16:49.413 --> 00:16:51.844 the sooner we can get some dinner. 323 00:16:51.846 --> 00:16:53.911 Hey, guys, what's happening? Happy hour? 324 00:16:53.913 --> 00:16:56.177 [Frank] Can somebody tell me why I'm not at home 325 00:16:56.179 --> 00:16:57.745 having dinner right now? 326 00:16:57.747 --> 00:16:59.576 What is the problem? 327 00:16:59.578 --> 00:17:01.310 It's too cold to launch. 328 00:17:01.312 --> 00:17:02.744 [Frank] Really? 329 00:17:02.746 --> 00:17:06.212 It's too cold to light up a million pounds of rocket fuel? 330 00:17:06.214 --> 00:17:07.311 What's he doing here? 331 00:17:07.313 --> 00:17:10.209 I thought we could use as many people as possible. 332 00:17:10.211 --> 00:17:11.678 Let me ask you this, 333 00:17:11.680 --> 00:17:14.678 how does rocket fuel do when it's spewing out the side 334 00:17:14.680 --> 00:17:16.744 instead of the bottom, Von Braun? 335 00:17:16.746 --> 00:17:19.278 All we have to do is take this memo, 336 00:17:19.280 --> 00:17:20.580 show 'em the facts, 337 00:17:20.582 --> 00:17:22.343 and then NASA will reschedule the launch 338 00:17:22.345 --> 00:17:24.644 till later in the day or when it warms up. 339 00:17:24.646 --> 00:17:25.676 It's all in the memo. 340 00:17:27.711 --> 00:17:28.741 The memo? 341 00:17:29.813 --> 00:17:31.277 Yes, the memo. 342 00:17:32.478 --> 00:17:34.244 Tell them what's on the memo? 343 00:17:34.246 --> 00:17:35.876 I've been working on this for over a year. 344 00:17:35.878 --> 00:17:37.077 It has all my findings. 345 00:17:37.079 --> 00:17:39.576 And now you're gonna tell me that none of you read my memo? 346 00:17:39.578 --> 00:17:40.642 - I read it. - I didn't read it. 347 00:17:40.644 --> 00:17:42.479 - I skimmed it. - Okay. 348 00:17:42.481 --> 00:17:45.377 It's on the memo. It's cold. What does it mean? 349 00:17:45.379 --> 00:17:47.277 - [scoffs] - Do you have a problem? 350 00:17:47.279 --> 00:17:48.344 - [Bill] Guys. - [Frank] You know something? 351 00:17:48.346 --> 00:17:49.342 You're like this pebble 352 00:17:49.344 --> 00:17:51.608 that gets under the wheel of a shopping cart 353 00:17:51.610 --> 00:17:53.511 and makes it go... [imitating rustling sound] 354 00:17:53.513 --> 00:17:55.376 Oh, yeah, that's right. 355 00:17:55.378 --> 00:17:57.509 And you're like the guy that can't build a shopping cart 356 00:17:57.511 --> 00:17:59.311 that can go over a pebble. 357 00:17:59.313 --> 00:18:00.442 What do you even do here? 358 00:18:00.444 --> 00:18:02.875 I make sure guys like you don't torpedo our company. 359 00:18:02.877 --> 00:18:03.777 - Torpedo? - [Adam] Torpedo? 360 00:18:03.779 --> 00:18:05.542 Can we just have the facts, gentlemen? 361 00:18:05.544 --> 00:18:07.374 All of this bickering gets us nowhere. 362 00:18:08.846 --> 00:18:11.675 What's the coldest temperature NASA has ever launched 363 00:18:11.677 --> 00:18:13.778 one of our Solid Rocket Boosters? 364 00:18:13.780 --> 00:18:16.612 STS-51-C. 365 00:18:16.614 --> 00:18:20.645 One year ago minus three days, third launch of Discovery, 366 00:18:20.647 --> 00:18:23.309 the temperature 53 degrees Fahrenheit. 367 00:18:23.311 --> 00:18:24.744 Wow, good job, Dean. 368 00:18:24.746 --> 00:18:26.877 Oh, yeah, cookies for everybody. 369 00:18:26.879 --> 00:18:29.711 Hey, Frank, what's the coldest temperature 370 00:18:29.713 --> 00:18:32.244 we've ever tested one of our Solid Rocket Boosters? 371 00:18:32.246 --> 00:18:33.643 Hey, Adam, do you get more 372 00:18:33.645 --> 00:18:36.644 or less erosion at a 73-degree launch? 373 00:18:36.646 --> 00:18:38.611 Oh, so you did read it, 374 00:18:38.613 --> 00:18:40.443 and you know there was more erosion 375 00:18:40.445 --> 00:18:41.846 but less blowby. 376 00:18:41.848 --> 00:18:44.743 You are trying to stop this launch, 377 00:18:44.745 --> 00:18:46.742 and I am not going to allow it. 378 00:18:48.446 --> 00:18:50.179 And neither is Carl. 379 00:18:50.181 --> 00:18:53.645 If there was a problem, why didn't you stop the launch? 380 00:18:53.647 --> 00:18:55.379 [Adam] Because it wasn't up to me. 381 00:18:55.381 --> 00:18:57.343 I'm not the decision-maker. 382 00:18:57.345 --> 00:19:00.178 There is a chain of command. 383 00:19:00.180 --> 00:19:04.409 We are just a very small cog in a very big machine. 384 00:19:04.411 --> 00:19:07.442 Seems pretty important. 385 00:19:07.444 --> 00:19:10.343 [Adam] The shuttle is made up of millions of parts. 386 00:19:10.345 --> 00:19:15.312 It is the most complex piece of machinery in human history. 387 00:19:15.314 --> 00:19:19.311 The O-rings are just one piece in a sea of pieces. 388 00:19:19.313 --> 00:19:20.711 And no was listening. 389 00:19:20.713 --> 00:19:23.279 We need to hear more before we decide either way. 390 00:19:23.281 --> 00:19:24.643 Okay, shopping cart genius. 391 00:19:24.645 --> 00:19:27.577 Uh... Don't take my pencil. 392 00:19:27.579 --> 00:19:31.946 When we ship all the pieces of our four-story rockets, 393 00:19:31.948 --> 00:19:35.242 and they put them all back together at Kennedy, 394 00:19:35.244 --> 00:19:38.277 how do you think we keep a million pounds of rocket fuel 395 00:19:38.279 --> 00:19:40.613 from spewing out of the connection points? 396 00:19:40.615 --> 00:19:41.845 [Adam] With our seals. 397 00:19:41.847 --> 00:19:45.613 And if our seals don't seal, then everyone blows up and dies! 398 00:19:45.615 --> 00:19:47.243 The problem is you can't prove 399 00:19:47.245 --> 00:19:49.243 that the temperature is a problem! 400 00:19:49.245 --> 00:19:50.845 I know, that's the problem! 401 00:19:50.847 --> 00:19:52.677 Is this what you guys want? 402 00:19:52.679 --> 00:19:56.579 You want this guy making decisions about your future? 403 00:19:56.581 --> 00:19:59.511 Yeah, why are you making such a big deal about this tonight? 404 00:19:59.513 --> 00:20:00.510 No. 405 00:20:00.512 --> 00:20:02.613 He's been on about this for about a year now. 406 00:20:02.615 --> 00:20:03.743 [Frank] Exactly. 407 00:20:03.745 --> 00:20:06.878 And none of the other shuttle launches got stopped. 408 00:20:06.880 --> 00:20:10.311 When we launched in 30 degrees? 409 00:20:10.313 --> 00:20:11.711 You know, I think we should talk to the boss. 410 00:20:11.713 --> 00:20:12.779 Run it up the chain. 411 00:20:12.781 --> 00:20:13.879 [scoffs] 412 00:20:13.881 --> 00:20:17.846 Guys, Adam here knows that he cannot stop a launch 413 00:20:17.848 --> 00:20:20.743 unless everybody else here is on board. 414 00:20:20.745 --> 00:20:23.711 And he also knows that management is not going to stop 415 00:20:23.713 --> 00:20:28.279 a billion-dollar launch without any proof. 416 00:20:28.281 --> 00:20:34.511 And Adam also knows that he is just one guy. 417 00:20:39.180 --> 00:20:42.377 I must say, I am unconvinced. 418 00:20:43.713 --> 00:20:48.342 I think... we should run this up the chain 419 00:20:48.344 --> 00:20:50.344 however painful it might be. 420 00:20:50.346 --> 00:20:51.577 Bad idea. 421 00:20:52.514 --> 00:20:53.380 I may be unconvinced, 422 00:20:53.382 --> 00:20:55.845 but this discussion needs to happen. 423 00:20:55.847 --> 00:20:58.947 To do nothing at this point would be a big mistake. 424 00:20:58.949 --> 00:21:00.678 Let's say we do postpone the launch. 425 00:21:00.680 --> 00:21:02.710 What's the worst that could happen? 426 00:21:02.712 --> 00:21:05.577 Management might find a replacement company to build 427 00:21:05.579 --> 00:21:08.445 the Solid Rocket Boosters, that's what. 428 00:21:08.447 --> 00:21:10.843 Oh, and also, our company, 429 00:21:10.845 --> 00:21:13.710 you know, the one we still work for, 430 00:21:13.712 --> 00:21:15.612 they might just start laying off people 431 00:21:15.614 --> 00:21:20.114 because we are the ones who delay launches at the 13th hour. 432 00:21:20.848 --> 00:21:22.577 I think he has a point. 433 00:21:22.579 --> 00:21:24.644 We all have jobs to think about. 434 00:21:24.646 --> 00:21:25.777 And dinners. 435 00:21:26.848 --> 00:21:28.880 Don't you have a kid in college? 436 00:21:29.848 --> 00:21:32.346 Don't you have a mortgage? 437 00:21:32.348 --> 00:21:34.179 And don't you have a wife and two kids 438 00:21:34.181 --> 00:21:35.944 who are depending on you? 439 00:21:35.946 --> 00:21:37.846 Yeah, we have all these problems, 440 00:21:37.848 --> 00:21:39.377 but what's the solution here 441 00:21:39.379 --> 00:21:40.880 that's not killing another launching? 442 00:21:40.882 --> 00:21:42.712 And what happens if we blow up the shuttle tomorrow? 443 00:21:42.714 --> 00:21:43.913 What happens after that? 444 00:21:43.915 --> 00:21:45.812 - That is beyond ridicu... - Come on now let's settle down. 445 00:21:45.814 --> 00:21:46.779 I never thought of it like that. 446 00:21:46.781 --> 00:21:48.679 - How's that for job security? - Ridiculous. 447 00:21:49.811 --> 00:21:52.345 - Adam, you can get back to them. - [sighs] 448 00:21:52.347 --> 00:21:53.779 I really admire what you guys did. 449 00:21:53.781 --> 00:21:56.746 You don't have the first clue about what we did, 450 00:21:56.748 --> 00:22:00.247 or what we do, or what we will do. 451 00:22:00.249 --> 00:22:01.711 He's on our team. 452 00:22:01.713 --> 00:22:03.313 It's time you two start acting like it. 453 00:22:03.315 --> 00:22:04.211 Yeah, ever since this happened 454 00:22:04.213 --> 00:22:05.814 management has been trying to paint me 455 00:22:05.816 --> 00:22:07.846 as some kind of... 456 00:22:07.848 --> 00:22:10.778 malcontent employee, bent on causing problems. 457 00:22:13.414 --> 00:22:15.178 Excuse us for just a minute. 458 00:22:15.180 --> 00:22:16.646 No, no, it's completely all right. 459 00:22:16.648 --> 00:22:19.379 You're right, I don't know you. Personally. I don't know... 460 00:22:19.381 --> 00:22:21.613 But I know you're a person of conviction. 461 00:22:21.615 --> 00:22:24.444 And I know that you care deeply about the space program, 462 00:22:24.446 --> 00:22:27.480 which is why we're all here trying to get this sorted out. 463 00:22:27.482 --> 00:22:29.811 What do you make of him so far? 464 00:22:29.813 --> 00:22:32.612 Well, if you press him, he falls apart. 465 00:22:32.614 --> 00:22:36.647 He's defensive, rude, and difficult to deal with. 466 00:22:36.649 --> 00:22:38.213 Hmm. 467 00:22:38.215 --> 00:22:40.444 I would like to hear more, though. 468 00:22:40.446 --> 00:22:45.415 Look, what we can't do is turn on each other. 469 00:22:45.417 --> 00:22:49.914 I mean, yeah, let's get it all out in here where it's safe. 470 00:22:49.916 --> 00:22:53.581 But out there, we have to stick together. 471 00:22:53.583 --> 00:22:55.581 Are you asking us to lie? 472 00:22:55.583 --> 00:22:58.847 No. Nobody is advocating lying. 473 00:22:58.849 --> 00:23:00.880 Going back to our previous conversation, 474 00:23:00.882 --> 00:23:04.747 are you a malcontent employee, bent on causing problems? 475 00:23:04.749 --> 00:23:05.813 No. 476 00:23:07.550 --> 00:23:08.614 Maybe. 477 00:23:11.247 --> 00:23:13.346 Probably, but for good reason. 478 00:23:13.348 --> 00:23:14.745 What reason? 479 00:23:14.747 --> 00:23:17.279 Why can't you just talk to him like a normal person? 480 00:23:17.281 --> 00:23:18.447 Be reasonable? 481 00:23:18.449 --> 00:23:20.312 [Adam] I don't have to, I'm right. 482 00:23:20.314 --> 00:23:22.778 He's just afraid of losing his job. Hell, I am. 483 00:23:22.780 --> 00:23:24.780 And you're never going to win anybody like this. 484 00:23:24.782 --> 00:23:26.344 This needs to stay an engineering question, 485 00:23:26.346 --> 00:23:27.412 that's what. 486 00:23:27.414 --> 00:23:31.179 If we go to the boss like this, we'll get nowhere. 487 00:23:31.181 --> 00:23:32.279 Who? Kurt? 488 00:23:32.281 --> 00:23:34.180 Why aren't we marching up to his office right now? 489 00:23:34.182 --> 00:23:37.211 I thought we would have a brief, calm conversation, 490 00:23:37.213 --> 00:23:39.778 come up with an agreement together, 491 00:23:39.780 --> 00:23:42.612 and then walk up there with a proposal. 492 00:23:42.614 --> 00:23:44.381 But I didn't anticipate this or Frank. 493 00:23:44.383 --> 00:23:45.680 Why do we need to take a problem 494 00:23:45.682 --> 00:23:47.611 that has no solution to our boss? 495 00:23:47.613 --> 00:23:49.279 There's at least two other engineers 496 00:23:49.281 --> 00:23:50.278 that think we have a problem. 497 00:23:50.280 --> 00:23:52.681 As soon as we go, Frank is gonna follow us. 498 00:23:52.683 --> 00:23:53.945 And as soon as we get up there, 499 00:23:53.947 --> 00:23:56.946 he's gonna throw around his credentials. 500 00:23:56.948 --> 00:23:58.347 Problem Review Board this 501 00:23:58.349 --> 00:24:00.180 and problem assessment systems that, 502 00:24:00.182 --> 00:24:01.312 and nothing's gonna happen. 503 00:24:03.550 --> 00:24:04.680 Adam. 504 00:24:04.682 --> 00:24:06.846 - I'm getting Jim on the phone. - [Bill] Just hold on. 505 00:24:06.848 --> 00:24:08.347 Let's just see how we're gonna grade 506 00:24:08.349 --> 00:24:09.877 and keep Frank away for a few minutes. 507 00:24:09.879 --> 00:24:13.613 Get Jim on the phone, get him on our side. 508 00:24:13.615 --> 00:24:16.279 Have him call Kurt. 509 00:24:16.281 --> 00:24:18.445 And make it seem like Cape Canaveral 510 00:24:18.447 --> 00:24:21.712 is asking for a flight ready review meeting. 511 00:24:21.714 --> 00:24:24.914 Jim can make everyone concerned about the temperature. 512 00:24:24.916 --> 00:24:26.544 This is a farce. 513 00:24:26.546 --> 00:24:29.847 - We are engineers. We're not... - No. We're not engineers. 514 00:24:29.849 --> 00:24:31.282 We're people. 515 00:24:31.284 --> 00:24:32.611 Dumb, emotional people. 516 00:24:32.613 --> 00:24:35.812 Well, thanks for the psychology lesson, Professor. 517 00:24:35.814 --> 00:24:39.679 Right now, I'm more interested in rockets exploding. 518 00:24:39.681 --> 00:24:42.614 [Finch] Did it ever occur to you that your interpersonal skills 519 00:24:42.616 --> 00:24:45.947 may have hindered your ability to convince your coworkers? 520 00:24:45.949 --> 00:24:49.512 Yeah, if that isn't the understatement of a lifetime. 521 00:24:49.514 --> 00:24:51.312 Is this guy the best you got? 522 00:24:52.783 --> 00:24:54.380 I was right. 523 00:24:58.415 --> 00:24:59.814 When you were in engineering school, 524 00:24:59.816 --> 00:25:01.414 did they make you show your work? 525 00:25:02.815 --> 00:25:04.447 What does that have to do with anything? 526 00:25:04.449 --> 00:25:07.346 Did they make you show them your work? 527 00:25:07.348 --> 00:25:09.948 When you were solving problems and analyzing potatoes? 528 00:25:09.950 --> 00:25:10.949 So what if they did? 529 00:25:10.951 --> 00:25:12.813 [Finch] Well, you're gonna show your work here. 530 00:25:12.815 --> 00:25:15.514 Because it's not good enough to just say you were right. 531 00:25:15.516 --> 00:25:16.912 Anyone can make a prediction. 532 00:25:16.914 --> 00:25:18.648 It's gonna rain. 533 00:25:18.650 --> 00:25:20.914 I wanna know how you knew. 534 00:25:20.916 --> 00:25:24.314 And I want to know how you told them. 535 00:25:24.316 --> 00:25:28.478 Because maybe the problem wasn't with their understanding. 536 00:25:28.480 --> 00:25:31.413 Maybe the problem was with how it was communicated. 537 00:25:31.415 --> 00:25:32.712 And that's on you. 538 00:25:34.514 --> 00:25:36.747 So how exactly did you maneuver yourself 539 00:25:36.749 --> 00:25:38.248 through the chain of command 540 00:25:38.250 --> 00:25:40.614 to get the new information to the Cape. 541 00:25:40.616 --> 00:25:43.281 [indistinct chatter] 542 00:25:43.283 --> 00:25:44.849 How do we get the Cape on the phone 543 00:25:44.851 --> 00:25:46.480 without Frank knowing about it? 544 00:25:46.482 --> 00:25:49.248 [overlapping conversation] 545 00:25:49.250 --> 00:25:51.946 Hey, I thought you said Carl was on my side. 546 00:25:51.948 --> 00:25:55.583 Why don't we just take Frank to the recovery facility? 547 00:25:55.585 --> 00:25:56.847 - Show him the soot. - [Adam] What? 548 00:25:56.849 --> 00:25:58.048 Yeah, that'll work. 549 00:25:58.050 --> 00:26:01.182 And then you just go ahead and think of a way to break off 550 00:26:01.184 --> 00:26:03.445 and go to your office and get some papers or something. 551 00:26:03.447 --> 00:26:04.381 I'm not playing games. 552 00:26:04.383 --> 00:26:06.182 Just think of a good reason to break off 553 00:26:06.184 --> 00:26:07.378 as soon as we get going, all right? 554 00:26:07.380 --> 00:26:09.713 Bill had a way that he wanted to do things. 555 00:26:09.715 --> 00:26:12.281 And did you agree with Bill? 556 00:26:12.283 --> 00:26:15.181 Okay, fellas, we are going to the recovery facility. 557 00:26:15.183 --> 00:26:17.482 Does fluorocarbon elastomer work better or worse 558 00:26:17.484 --> 00:26:18.579 in freezing temperatures? 559 00:26:18.581 --> 00:26:20.915 [Frank] What is fluoro... elastic? 560 00:26:20.917 --> 00:26:23.881 It's the seal. And no, rubber-like substances 561 00:26:23.883 --> 00:26:25.812 do not work better in the freezing cold. 562 00:26:25.814 --> 00:26:29.582 Exactly, cold rubber doesn't seal as well. 563 00:26:29.584 --> 00:26:30.679 I want us to go. 564 00:26:30.681 --> 00:26:33.481 What difference do a few degrees make about anything? 565 00:26:33.483 --> 00:26:35.611 Dean does water freeze at 33 degrees? 566 00:26:35.613 --> 00:26:37.446 No, it does not. 567 00:26:37.448 --> 00:26:38.847 But it does at 32. 568 00:26:38.849 --> 00:26:40.348 That's right. A single degree can make a difference. 569 00:26:40.350 --> 00:26:42.313 And it can affect that fluorocarbon elastomer. 570 00:26:42.315 --> 00:26:43.448 You guys are hopeless. 571 00:26:43.450 --> 00:26:46.416 Help me understand why you weren't taking the advice 572 00:26:46.418 --> 00:26:48.781 of your problem assessment specialist. 573 00:26:48.783 --> 00:26:51.415 Who? Frank? Are you kidding me? 574 00:26:51.417 --> 00:26:54.548 You should be asking me why didn't everyone take my advice. 575 00:26:54.550 --> 00:26:55.481 [Frank] You're not going to convince me 576 00:26:55.483 --> 00:26:57.448 to put everyone's jobs here in jeopardy 577 00:26:57.450 --> 00:26:59.246 on some theory you can't even come up with! 578 00:26:59.248 --> 00:27:00.713 Jobs? That's your criteria? 579 00:27:00.715 --> 00:27:03.379 Maybe you should've done your actual job. 580 00:27:03.381 --> 00:27:05.681 Now it's time for the smart guys to do their jobs. 581 00:27:05.683 --> 00:27:07.382 [Adam] You're willing to kill people for jobs? 582 00:27:07.384 --> 00:27:08.549 You self-righteous... 583 00:27:08.551 --> 00:27:09.747 Frank! Frank! 584 00:27:09.749 --> 00:27:11.282 I'm not the problem. 585 00:27:11.284 --> 00:27:13.382 I've just about had enough of this. 586 00:27:13.384 --> 00:27:14.516 Guys. 587 00:27:14.518 --> 00:27:16.280 Relax. 588 00:27:16.282 --> 00:27:18.548 Okay, we have to get to the bottom of this. 589 00:27:18.550 --> 00:27:20.212 It may be uncomfortable, 590 00:27:20.214 --> 00:27:21.881 but you need to tell me the truth. 591 00:27:21.883 --> 00:27:23.346 Get... 592 00:27:23.348 --> 00:27:24.346 Hey! 593 00:27:25.385 --> 00:27:26.314 Where is he going? 594 00:27:26.316 --> 00:27:28.215 I think he's got something in his office. 595 00:27:28.217 --> 00:27:29.481 [Bill] Did you forget something in your office? 596 00:27:29.483 --> 00:27:30.580 [Adam] No! 597 00:27:33.283 --> 00:27:35.280 [foreboding music] 598 00:27:39.349 --> 00:27:41.583 If the recovery boats come in, 599 00:27:41.585 --> 00:27:43.483 they want to know what that means. 600 00:27:46.716 --> 00:27:50.915 It means our rockets will get lost in the Atlantic Ocean. 601 00:27:50.917 --> 00:27:53.382 Those things are expensive. We better not lose them. 602 00:27:55.416 --> 00:27:57.315 Is that option on the table? 603 00:27:57.317 --> 00:27:59.812 They wanna know what this will mean to NASA. 604 00:27:59.814 --> 00:28:02.681 Can't you just pick it up off the bottom? 605 00:28:02.683 --> 00:28:05.313 What kind of question is that? 606 00:28:05.315 --> 00:28:07.483 Tell the recovery boats to remain out at sea 607 00:28:07.485 --> 00:28:09.316 and get those rockets when they splash down. 608 00:28:09.318 --> 00:28:12.182 Boats can't stay out there in the wind. 609 00:28:12.184 --> 00:28:13.748 We need you to figure the cost for your company 610 00:28:13.750 --> 00:28:17.282 if we launch with no recovery boats. 611 00:28:17.284 --> 00:28:18.347 Oh. 612 00:28:19.551 --> 00:28:21.716 See if NASA can figure this out, then. 613 00:28:21.718 --> 00:28:23.715 If you want 24 launches in a year, 614 00:28:23.717 --> 00:28:25.916 you can only do that with reusable parts. 615 00:28:25.918 --> 00:28:28.447 If the parts get lost in the Atlantic Ocean... 616 00:28:28.449 --> 00:28:29.882 Wait, too windy? 617 00:28:29.884 --> 00:28:31.882 It's too windy for boats to be on the water, 618 00:28:31.884 --> 00:28:34.181 but not too windy to launch the shuttle? 619 00:28:34.183 --> 00:28:35.448 We're trying to get through this launch 620 00:28:35.450 --> 00:28:37.283 before thinking about making recoveries 621 00:28:37.285 --> 00:28:38.580 to supply the next one. 622 00:28:38.582 --> 00:28:39.848 If the boats come back in now, 623 00:28:39.850 --> 00:28:42.349 they won't be able to make it back out for the launch window. 624 00:28:42.351 --> 00:28:44.116 The boats are already headed back. 625 00:28:48.718 --> 00:28:52.613 So, we're going to lose a billion-dollar asset? 626 00:28:52.615 --> 00:28:53.715 That's right. 627 00:28:53.717 --> 00:28:54.747 Excuse me? 628 00:28:58.916 --> 00:29:02.180 What's he doing? Huh? Huh? 629 00:29:02.182 --> 00:29:04.180 Get the flight engineer on the phone now. 630 00:29:06.486 --> 00:29:09.381 This is Adam with the team that built the Solid Rocket Boosters, 631 00:29:09.383 --> 00:29:10.548 and I have important information 632 00:29:10.550 --> 00:29:13.447 regarding a catastrophic failure of the shuttle launch 633 00:29:13.449 --> 00:29:14.815 due to the primary and secondary O-rings. 634 00:29:14.817 --> 00:29:16.816 - Get him on the phone now. - Who is that on the phone? 635 00:29:16.818 --> 00:29:18.247 Are you talking to Kurt? Huh? 636 00:29:18.249 --> 00:29:19.579 [phone beeps] 637 00:29:20.650 --> 00:29:22.216 Jim Whitt, go. 638 00:29:22.218 --> 00:29:25.649 Jim, you have about 30 seconds to get Kurt on the phone 639 00:29:25.651 --> 00:29:27.414 and convince him to call a meeting 640 00:29:27.416 --> 00:29:28.616 <i>between NASA and our company</i> 641 00:29:28.618 --> 00:29:31.516 <i>to discuss the impending catastrophic failure</i> 642 00:29:31.518 --> 00:29:33.482 of the primary and secondary O-rings 643 00:29:33.484 --> 00:29:36.548 due to the cold temperature of our scheduled launch time. 644 00:29:36.550 --> 00:29:37.881 [Adam] <i>You better hurry.</i> 645 00:29:37.883 --> 00:29:39.682 You better hold on because it gets worse. 646 00:29:39.684 --> 00:29:40.748 What do you mean it gets worse? 647 00:29:40.750 --> 00:29:43.481 What could be worse than a catastrophic failure? 648 00:29:43.483 --> 00:29:45.349 Transfer me over to Kurt. 649 00:29:45.351 --> 00:29:47.481 I don't know how to do that, the girl that does the phones 650 00:29:47.483 --> 00:29:49.781 is gone for the day. 651 00:29:49.783 --> 00:29:54.482 Just hit transfer, receiver, then extension 304. 652 00:29:54.484 --> 00:29:55.647 Okay. Here. 653 00:29:58.516 --> 00:29:59.580 Great. 654 00:30:04.584 --> 00:30:05.916 This is how you want to play this, huh? 655 00:30:05.918 --> 00:30:08.214 - Frank, hold up. - Like a junior high playground? 656 00:30:08.216 --> 00:30:10.215 Can we all just take a breath and talk about this? 657 00:30:10.217 --> 00:30:11.415 No! 658 00:30:11.417 --> 00:30:13.550 The time for talking is over. 659 00:30:13.552 --> 00:30:16.682 It looks like I'm gonna to have to single-handedly save 660 00:30:16.684 --> 00:30:18.617 - the space program. - Save the space program? 661 00:30:18.619 --> 00:30:20.648 Do you even hear yourself? 662 00:30:20.650 --> 00:30:25.248 What good is a space program that never launches into space? 663 00:30:27.815 --> 00:30:29.249 [Jim] <i>Kurt.</i> 664 00:30:29.251 --> 00:30:31.348 <i>We are having some major issues</i> 665 00:30:31.350 --> 00:30:33.184 <i>regarding the launch tomorrow morning</i> 666 00:30:33.186 --> 00:30:35.417 <i>and we need to set up a meeting with Marshall,</i> 667 00:30:35.419 --> 00:30:37.282 <i>Kennedy and our company.</i> 668 00:30:37.284 --> 00:30:39.215 Uh, temperature needs to be discussed 669 00:30:39.217 --> 00:30:41.552 as well as our recovery of the SRBs. 670 00:30:41.554 --> 00:30:43.382 Boats are being called back in because of wind, 671 00:30:43.384 --> 00:30:46.116 which puts us in jeopardy of losing our assets. 672 00:30:47.482 --> 00:30:49.315 That's correct. 673 00:30:49.317 --> 00:30:52.317 Yes, sir, uh, we could use some management assistance 674 00:30:52.319 --> 00:30:54.949 setting up that meeting ASAP. 675 00:30:54.951 --> 00:30:57.551 And, Kurt, I want to highly stress 676 00:30:57.553 --> 00:31:00.483 that this remain an engineering decision. 677 00:31:01.816 --> 00:31:03.582 All right, thank you. 678 00:31:23.719 --> 00:31:25.383 Okay... 679 00:31:25.385 --> 00:31:26.914 Here's what we're gonna do. 680 00:31:26.916 --> 00:31:29.650 We're gonna get a meeting with Kennedy Space Center 681 00:31:29.652 --> 00:31:33.415 and Marshall Space Flight Center on a conference call. 682 00:31:33.417 --> 00:31:34.683 We're gonna convince them 683 00:31:34.685 --> 00:31:37.317 to push the launch window a little bit. 684 00:31:37.319 --> 00:31:40.882 We need those boats out there and recover our rockets. 685 00:31:40.884 --> 00:31:43.184 Now, what's the argument with the temperature? 686 00:31:43.186 --> 00:31:44.781 It's inconclusive. 687 00:31:44.783 --> 00:31:45.849 [overlapping banter] 688 00:31:45.851 --> 00:31:49.247 The temperature is outside of our experience data, 689 00:31:49.249 --> 00:31:51.683 and you that we have been getting erosion and blowby. 690 00:31:51.685 --> 00:31:54.251 It isn't the worst at a lower temperature. 691 00:31:54.253 --> 00:31:55.348 Yes, it is. 692 00:31:55.350 --> 00:31:56.849 Not with erosion. 693 00:31:56.851 --> 00:31:58.950 What's the difference, gentlemen? 694 00:31:58.952 --> 00:32:03.581 Erosion means that the rubber hose seal is being eaten away. 695 00:32:03.583 --> 00:32:06.348 Blowby is the exhaust that actually gets past the seals. 696 00:32:06.350 --> 00:32:09.550 And it's the blowby that gets worse at the lower temperatures. 697 00:32:09.552 --> 00:32:10.751 The lower the temperature, 698 00:32:10.753 --> 00:32:14.916 the more the rocket exhaust passes right past the seals. 699 00:32:14.918 --> 00:32:15.984 The greater the blowby, 700 00:32:15.986 --> 00:32:18.783 the greater the chance of secondary seal failure. 701 00:32:18.785 --> 00:32:21.684 Secondary seal failure equals catastrophic failure. 702 00:32:21.686 --> 00:32:23.482 Okay. 703 00:32:23.484 --> 00:32:27.283 We are going to argue for a launch delay. 704 00:32:27.285 --> 00:32:30.918 And we are all going to be in agreement, Frank. 705 00:32:30.920 --> 00:32:33.418 Now NASA is pushing for a launch, 706 00:32:33.420 --> 00:32:36.583 even though it could cost us our rockets. 707 00:32:36.585 --> 00:32:38.551 It's the engineering. 708 00:32:38.553 --> 00:32:41.316 We need to push because of the engineering. 709 00:32:41.318 --> 00:32:45.715 There is more at play here, Adam, than the engineering. 710 00:32:45.717 --> 00:32:48.850 [Kurt] The danged media keeps pushing and pushing. 711 00:32:48.852 --> 00:32:52.316 So much so that NASA is staring down the barrel 712 00:32:52.318 --> 00:32:55.218 of another national embarrassment. 713 00:32:55.220 --> 00:32:58.417 Especially after the handle and all the delays. 714 00:32:58.419 --> 00:32:59.650 Who cares? 715 00:32:59.652 --> 00:33:01.351 Who cares? 716 00:33:01.353 --> 00:33:03.182 The people who pay the bills care. 717 00:33:03.184 --> 00:33:04.749 - The taxpayers. - Yeah, right. 718 00:33:04.751 --> 00:33:06.852 The Department of Defense pays the bills, 719 00:33:06.854 --> 00:33:09.450 so their satellites can catch a ride into orbit. 720 00:33:09.452 --> 00:33:12.485 And the DOD wants what they paid for. 721 00:33:12.487 --> 00:33:14.783 If they don't get what they paid for, 722 00:33:14.785 --> 00:33:16.683 they'll just go somewhere else. 723 00:33:16.685 --> 00:33:19.150 Where? Macy's? 724 00:33:19.851 --> 00:33:21.950 Maybe NASA and the DOD 725 00:33:21.952 --> 00:33:24.615 think it's time to invest in a new horse, 726 00:33:24.617 --> 00:33:29.452 especially if this horse can't get them where they wanna go. 727 00:33:29.454 --> 00:33:33.319 You think it's an engineering problem, but it's not. 728 00:33:34.453 --> 00:33:35.815 It's an economic problem. 729 00:33:35.817 --> 00:33:38.218 Are we arguing to launch or not launch? 730 00:33:38.220 --> 00:33:41.750 Yes, economics is a factor. I thoroughly agree. 731 00:33:41.752 --> 00:33:43.885 - [Dean] However, the five of us. - Five lepers. 732 00:33:43.887 --> 00:33:45.451 The five of us believe 733 00:33:45.453 --> 00:33:47.449 temperature is the best argument. 734 00:33:47.451 --> 00:33:50.751 If NASA's loss is not greater than our loss of the rockets, 735 00:33:50.753 --> 00:33:53.416 then the economic argument will not work. 736 00:33:53.418 --> 00:33:56.752 However, if they are concerned about the loss of their shuttle 737 00:33:56.754 --> 00:33:59.317 in an even more embarrassing incident, 738 00:33:59.319 --> 00:34:00.618 then we should argue 739 00:34:00.620 --> 00:34:03.351 in the best interest of their success. 740 00:34:03.353 --> 00:34:05.784 If we delay a few hours, 741 00:34:05.786 --> 00:34:07.551 temperature goes up, right, Adam? 742 00:34:07.553 --> 00:34:08.553 Yes. 743 00:34:08.555 --> 00:34:10.886 And the rocket gets launched, right, Frank? 744 00:34:12.318 --> 00:34:13.452 Yes. 745 00:34:13.454 --> 00:34:17.319 And our ships have a better shot of recovering our SRBs, 746 00:34:17.321 --> 00:34:18.417 right, Kurt? 747 00:34:18.419 --> 00:34:20.482 [Kurt] Absolutely. 748 00:34:20.484 --> 00:34:22.284 [Dean] Then it seems to me we have no other choice 749 00:34:22.286 --> 00:34:23.217 in the matter. 750 00:34:23.219 --> 00:34:25.286 It seems we have no choice in the matter. 751 00:34:25.288 --> 00:34:29.450 [Bill] Sir, let us put together an argument. 752 00:34:29.452 --> 00:34:34.485 We want to help the company, NASA, the DOD, everyone. 753 00:34:42.254 --> 00:34:46.350 You have exactly 45 minutes to get a presentation together. 754 00:34:46.352 --> 00:34:47.451 Forty-five minutes? 755 00:34:47.453 --> 00:34:49.482 As soon as this sentence is done, 756 00:34:49.484 --> 00:34:51.248 I am picking up that phone, 757 00:34:51.250 --> 00:34:53.619 calling them and setting the meeting. 758 00:34:53.621 --> 00:34:56.617 How are we supposed to get this prepped in 45 minutes? 759 00:34:56.619 --> 00:34:57.717 [Kurt] Get him outta here. 760 00:34:57.719 --> 00:34:59.418 Kurt, this is a complex technical issue, 761 00:34:59.420 --> 00:35:01.351 - we need more than 45 minutes. - [Bill] Stop. 762 00:35:04.220 --> 00:35:05.350 Mr. Nelson? 763 00:35:05.352 --> 00:35:06.651 [Adam] <i>How are we supposed to put together</i> 764 00:35:06.653 --> 00:35:09.285 a complex technical presentation 765 00:35:09.287 --> 00:35:12.551 and send it across America, so Utah, Alabama and Florida 766 00:35:12.553 --> 00:35:14.817 can all see it all within 45 measly minutes? 767 00:35:14.819 --> 00:35:15.785 We got the win. 768 00:35:15.787 --> 00:35:18.418 Oh, what was all that about the economics? 769 00:35:18.420 --> 00:35:20.418 Adam, NASA has never gone 770 00:35:20.420 --> 00:35:22.518 against a contractor's recommendation. 771 00:35:23.319 --> 00:35:24.485 We get the meeting. 772 00:35:24.487 --> 00:35:25.851 We tell them we don't want to launch, 773 00:35:25.853 --> 00:35:27.085 they don't negate us, we win. 774 00:35:27.087 --> 00:35:29.685 Let's throw some stuff together and get the launch delayed, 775 00:35:29.687 --> 00:35:31.318 and get to work on this thing, you know? 776 00:35:31.320 --> 00:35:33.682 Get it launched eventually, so we can have jobs. 777 00:35:33.684 --> 00:35:36.751 If we do a halfway decent job, we will be just fine. 778 00:35:36.753 --> 00:35:38.781 Oh, in 45 minutes? 779 00:35:38.783 --> 00:35:40.617 I'm starting to think this was a bad idea. 780 00:35:40.619 --> 00:35:42.384 Why don't you just go home for the night? 781 00:35:42.386 --> 00:35:43.853 No. We need everyone working. 782 00:35:43.855 --> 00:35:45.650 I used to think you only cared about being right. 783 00:35:45.652 --> 00:35:47.583 - That's right. - Now I think you only care about 784 00:35:47.585 --> 00:35:49.319 being at odds with everyone. 785 00:35:49.321 --> 00:35:51.616 What you think doesn't matter. 786 00:35:51.618 --> 00:35:54.185 I think what he thinks matters! 787 00:35:54.187 --> 00:35:56.484 What if we are chasing a ghost here? Huh? 788 00:35:56.486 --> 00:35:57.618 A mad man's imagination. 789 00:35:57.620 --> 00:36:00.519 Why do we have to participate in this death spiral? 790 00:36:00.521 --> 00:36:01.615 Because I'm the one who's right. 791 00:36:01.617 --> 00:36:04.183 - Yeah, says you. - That's right, says me. 792 00:36:05.221 --> 00:36:07.417 I'm out. 793 00:36:07.419 --> 00:36:09.286 - Edwin, we need you. - I don't need this. 794 00:36:09.288 --> 00:36:13.484 Ed, you have to look past the argument and the number 795 00:36:13.486 --> 00:36:17.387 and the data and the O-rings and see the man. 796 00:36:17.389 --> 00:36:19.285 All right, sometimes he doesn't get it. 797 00:36:19.287 --> 00:36:21.718 He doesn't care about you, he doesn't care about me. 798 00:36:21.720 --> 00:36:24.716 Hell, I don't even think he cares about the engineering. 799 00:36:24.718 --> 00:36:25.952 But I do know he cares about this, 800 00:36:25.954 --> 00:36:27.785 he cares about being right. 801 00:36:27.787 --> 00:36:31.219 And that's what I trust and that's the truth. 802 00:36:31.221 --> 00:36:33.853 You gotta get past his little show. 803 00:36:33.855 --> 00:36:35.716 - I trust him. - Yeah, you trust everyone. 804 00:36:35.718 --> 00:36:36.652 I just wish I had another day. 805 00:36:36.654 --> 00:36:38.317 - What if he's wrong? - What if he's right? 806 00:36:38.319 --> 00:36:39.920 - What if he's wrong? - What if he's right? 807 00:36:39.922 --> 00:36:42.586 Whoa! Why is this our problem all of a sudden? 808 00:36:42.588 --> 00:36:46.316 If we're wrong and we stop the launch for no reason, we lose. 809 00:36:46.318 --> 00:36:48.186 If we're right and we stop a launch, another launch, 810 00:36:48.188 --> 00:36:49.351 we lose. 811 00:36:49.353 --> 00:36:50.619 It's lose-lose. 812 00:36:50.621 --> 00:36:53.252 Because we are the only people on the planet 813 00:36:53.254 --> 00:36:54.685 who know we don't know 814 00:36:54.687 --> 00:36:58.551 that there might possibly be, maybe, a problem. 815 00:36:58.553 --> 00:37:00.218 [Carl] And it's the right thing to do. 816 00:37:01.254 --> 00:37:02.685 [Dean] It is time to move. 817 00:37:04.288 --> 00:37:05.684 We split up. 818 00:37:05.686 --> 00:37:07.487 Five minutes to gather. 819 00:37:07.489 --> 00:37:09.318 [Bill] Fifteen minutes to sort. 820 00:37:09.320 --> 00:37:10.920 Fifteen minutes to chart. 821 00:37:10.922 --> 00:37:12.452 And fifteen minutes to send off. 822 00:37:12.454 --> 00:37:13.619 [Carl] That's 50 minutes. 823 00:37:13.621 --> 00:37:15.284 [Bill] We'll have to move faster than time. 824 00:37:15.286 --> 00:37:16.687 We'll have to hand draw our charts. 825 00:37:16.689 --> 00:37:20.651 Agreed. They are gonna want a lot of statistics, 826 00:37:20.653 --> 00:37:23.584 so if you have any doubt, just bring everything with you. 827 00:37:23.586 --> 00:37:25.348 How do we make a presentation to people 828 00:37:25.350 --> 00:37:26.517 in three different parts of the country 829 00:37:26.519 --> 00:37:28.784 in just under 40 minutes? 830 00:37:28.786 --> 00:37:31.784 It's 1986, we are rocket scientists, 831 00:37:31.786 --> 00:37:33.418 we work with NASA. 832 00:37:33.420 --> 00:37:34.685 We are going to fax it. 833 00:37:43.720 --> 00:37:44.950 [interviewer] <i>Good evening.</i> 834 00:37:44.952 --> 00:37:47.287 <i>I'm joined tonight by teacher turned astronaut.</i> 835 00:37:47.289 --> 00:37:50.584 <i>And the first civilian to ever go into space.</i> 836 00:37:50.586 --> 00:37:52.487 <i>I have to start by asking you,</i> 837 00:37:52.489 --> 00:37:55.252 <i>what do you think this is gonna mean for you</i> 838 00:37:55.254 --> 00:37:56.585 <i>after the mission?</i> 839 00:37:56.587 --> 00:37:59.516 <i>What are you going to do when you return from space?</i> 840 00:37:59.518 --> 00:38:00.652 [astronaut] <i>I don't know.</i> 841 00:38:00.654 --> 00:38:02.817 <i>But I do know that this is an adventure</i> 842 00:38:02.819 --> 00:38:03.853 <i>I couldn't say no to.</i> 843 00:38:03.855 --> 00:38:05.584 <i>I mean, to be able to go into space</i> 844 00:38:05.586 --> 00:38:07.251 <i>and help school children learn</i> 845 00:38:07.253 --> 00:38:09.352 <i>and be more interested in learning,</i> 846 00:38:09.354 --> 00:38:11.617 <i>that's what I'm really looking forward to right now.</i> 847 00:38:11.619 --> 00:38:13.751 <i>At first, I was... I was nervous</i> 848 00:38:13.753 --> 00:38:15.615 <i>about what it would mean for my family,</i> 849 00:38:15.617 --> 00:38:18.618 <i>and my husband, my kids, my teaching career,</i> 850 00:38:18.620 --> 00:38:21.516 <i>but now I'm just looking forward to the adventure ahead.</i> 851 00:38:21.518 --> 00:38:26.252 <i>You know, the great unknown, not necessarily space, but life.</i> 852 00:38:26.254 --> 00:38:28.653 <i>Do you think it's really sunken yet, you're going into space?</i> 853 00:38:28.655 --> 00:38:31.220 <i>No, absolutely not.</i> 854 00:38:31.222 --> 00:38:35.885 <i>I still can't believe that I was chosen for this.</i> 855 00:38:35.887 --> 00:38:37.887 <i>You know, 50,000 people applied.</i> 856 00:38:37.889 --> 00:38:40.687 <i>I still remember putting my letter into the mailbox,</i> 857 00:38:40.689 --> 00:38:42.886 <i>and thinking, there are so many other people</i> 858 00:38:42.888 --> 00:38:44.852 <i>doing the exact same thing right now.</i> 859 00:38:44.854 --> 00:38:46.951 <i>We were all alike that day.</i> 860 00:38:46.953 --> 00:38:50.685 <i>We all thought, "It could be me. I have a chance at this."</i> 861 00:38:50.687 --> 00:38:52.653 <i>And then it was me and it's like winning the lottery</i> 862 00:38:52.655 --> 00:38:55.918 <i>to be able to go into space and blasting off in the shuttle.</i> 863 00:38:55.920 --> 00:38:58.653 <i>I mean, I just feel like I'm taking everyone here</i> 864 00:38:58.655 --> 00:39:00.420 <i>on earth up there with me.</i> 865 00:39:00.422 --> 00:39:02.154 [interviewer] <i>Are you afraid at all?</i> 866 00:39:02.855 --> 00:39:04.819 <i>No. I don't think so.</i> 867 00:39:04.821 --> 00:39:06.951 <i>Who knows, though, when we're actually strapped in</i> 868 00:39:06.953 --> 00:39:10.553 <i>and those massive rockets are blasting us off into space.</i> 869 00:39:10.555 --> 00:39:11.852 <i>Yeah, that does sound kinda scary.</i> 870 00:39:11.854 --> 00:39:14.919 <i>But I have the utmost confidence in the thousands of people</i> 871 00:39:14.921 --> 00:39:16.655 <i>who make all of this happen.</i> 872 00:39:16.657 --> 00:39:20.351 <i>You know, these days, space flight is very safe.</i> 873 00:39:20.353 --> 00:39:21.452 [interviewer] <i>You know, recently,</i> 874 00:39:21.454 --> 00:39:23.418 <i>NASA has had a few delays.</i> 875 00:39:23.420 --> 00:39:27.320 <i>How, if at all, has that affected the crew, mentally?</i> 876 00:39:27.322 --> 00:39:28.484 [astronaut] <i>I mean, it's definitely,</i> 877 00:39:28.486 --> 00:39:29.685 <i>uh, been interesting.</i> 878 00:39:29.687 --> 00:39:31.785 <i>You get so excited about finally taking this mission,</i> 879 00:39:31.787 --> 00:39:33.521 <i>and then it's delayed.</i> 880 00:39:33.523 --> 00:39:36.653 <i>But I know that the engineers and everybody else involved</i> 881 00:39:36.655 --> 00:39:39.620 <i>are doing what they need to do to make it as safe as possible.</i> 882 00:39:39.622 --> 00:39:41.953 <i>So, I have full confidence in what they're doing</i> 883 00:39:41.955 --> 00:39:43.686 <i>and the decisions they make.</i> 884 00:39:43.688 --> 00:39:46.753 <i>If it needed to be postponed then, you know, for our safety</i> 885 00:39:46.755 --> 00:39:50.587 <i>or for whatever reason they have, then that's something</i> 886 00:39:50.589 --> 00:39:52.486 <i>that I think we're all okay with.</i> 887 00:39:52.488 --> 00:39:54.253 [interviewer] <i>You know, at some point in everyone's life,</i> 888 00:39:54.255 --> 00:39:56.189 <i>they dream of being an astronaut.</i> 889 00:39:56.191 --> 00:39:57.619 <i>And you get to be one.</i> 890 00:39:57.621 --> 00:40:00.787 <i>Are you having fun, has this been a fun experience?</i> 891 00:40:00.789 --> 00:40:02.684 <i>Oh, yes. So much fun.</i> 892 00:40:02.686 --> 00:40:05.219 <i>I... I love everyone I work with.</i> 893 00:40:05.221 --> 00:40:09.518 <i>Commander Scobee is a solid unflappable man.</i> 894 00:40:09.520 --> 00:40:14.484 <i>Uh, Mike and Ellison are the hardest working,</i> 895 00:40:14.486 --> 00:40:16.385 <i>smartest people you will ever meet.</i> 896 00:40:16.387 --> 00:40:19.852 <i>And Ron and Greg will...</i> 897 00:40:19.854 --> 00:40:21.751 <i>they make us laugh nonstop.</i> 898 00:40:21.753 --> 00:40:24.320 <i>Judi and I have a lot of fun together.</i> 899 00:40:24.322 --> 00:40:25.952 <i>And, I mean, just as a team,</i> 900 00:40:25.954 --> 00:40:27.953 <i>we really have to rely on one other.</i> 901 00:40:27.955 --> 00:40:29.721 [interviewer] <i>Sounds like an amazing team.</i> 902 00:40:29.723 --> 00:40:31.286 [astronaut] <i>Oh, it is. I mean,</i> 903 00:40:31.288 --> 00:40:32.884 <i>all the way from the very top of NASA</i> 904 00:40:32.886 --> 00:40:37.685 <i>down to the guys who clean to the engineers in between</i> 905 00:40:37.687 --> 00:40:40.655 <i>who make sure that this is as safe as possible.</i> 906 00:40:40.657 --> 00:40:43.452 <i>I mean, all these people involved are what make it</i> 907 00:40:43.454 --> 00:40:44.818 <i>such an amazing experience.</i> 908 00:40:44.820 --> 00:40:46.720 <i>And it's... I've had so much joy</i> 909 00:40:46.722 --> 00:40:49.353 <i>getting to be a part of all of this.</i> 910 00:40:49.355 --> 00:40:51.554 <i>I know that all of my students,</i> 911 00:40:51.556 --> 00:40:53.319 <i>and even the students at the elementary</i> 912 00:40:53.321 --> 00:40:54.687 <i>and the middle school</i> 913 00:40:54.689 --> 00:40:57.187 <i>that, uh, go to my high school, that feed into my high school</i> 914 00:40:57.189 --> 00:40:58.352 <i>are all going to be watching.</i> 915 00:40:58.354 --> 00:40:59.919 <i>And I'm just so excited to be there to wave</i> 916 00:40:59.921 --> 00:41:02.319 <i>at the cameras and see them and, you know,</i> 917 00:41:02.321 --> 00:41:05.320 <i>let them see that your dreams can come true.</i> 918 00:41:05.322 --> 00:41:07.554 <i>Uh, I mean, who would've thought that I...</i> 919 00:41:07.556 --> 00:41:10.652 <i>I'm a high school science teacher who's going into space.</i> 920 00:41:13.322 --> 00:41:15.320 [suspenseful music] 921 00:41:25.390 --> 00:41:27.387 [clock ticking] 922 00:41:59.190 --> 00:42:02.254 [Bill] We have no time. Let's go and get this table out here. 923 00:42:02.888 --> 00:42:05.189 [overlapping chatter] 924 00:42:05.191 --> 00:42:06.822 Thank you, sir, appreciate it. 925 00:42:10.657 --> 00:42:12.486 Everything passed, I need to have them. 926 00:42:12.488 --> 00:42:14.619 [Biil] What else do we need? We need all sources. 927 00:42:17.455 --> 00:42:19.188 Come on, we need the erosion charts 928 00:42:19.190 --> 00:42:21.522 - from STS-51-B. - [Dean] That is 51-B. 929 00:42:21.524 --> 00:42:23.719 We need to 51-A and 60... 930 00:42:23.721 --> 00:42:26.288 Oh, I saw that one in one of the brown folders. 931 00:42:26.290 --> 00:42:27.920 - Which one? - Oh, uh, one of them. 932 00:42:27.922 --> 00:42:29.188 I'm not sure. 933 00:42:29.190 --> 00:42:31.488 I need all SRM recoveries to go. 934 00:42:31.490 --> 00:42:32.688 Go? 935 00:42:32.690 --> 00:42:34.721 - Go out or go in? - [Bill] In. 936 00:42:35.923 --> 00:42:37.787 You need this one? 937 00:42:37.789 --> 00:42:39.552 Mm-hm. 938 00:42:39.554 --> 00:42:42.354 Should we separate the soot levels from the erosion? 939 00:42:42.356 --> 00:42:45.219 No, I want them to see the correlation. 940 00:42:45.221 --> 00:42:47.254 Should we make a main summary of all the findings? 941 00:42:47.256 --> 00:42:48.520 Wait, wait, wait. 942 00:42:48.522 --> 00:42:54.222 We need 51-A, 51, uh, G, and 51-F. 943 00:42:54.224 --> 00:42:56.219 "I" comes after that. 944 00:42:56.221 --> 00:42:57.420 "I" after "F." 945 00:42:57.422 --> 00:42:59.686 Why can't these be in order and we call them Challenger 946 00:42:59.688 --> 00:43:01.351 and Discovery and then the number? 947 00:43:01.353 --> 00:43:03.955 Well, because they didn't all go in consecutive order. 948 00:43:03.957 --> 00:43:05.287 They're... they're all mixed up. 949 00:43:05.289 --> 00:43:06.421 It would just be even more confusing. 950 00:43:06.423 --> 00:43:07.785 Right, more confusing. 951 00:43:07.787 --> 00:43:08.886 Does anyone else find it funny 952 00:43:08.888 --> 00:43:13.452 that we use labels 51-L and 61-A, not the number 13? 953 00:43:13.454 --> 00:43:15.321 - Okay. - Doesn't make sense to me. 954 00:43:15.323 --> 00:43:16.654 - Yeah, just me, okay. - I blame it on Apollo. 955 00:43:16.656 --> 00:43:17.822 Okay. 956 00:43:17.824 --> 00:43:20.387 I'm missing another launch from October. 957 00:43:20.389 --> 00:43:21.920 I've got the 30th. 958 00:43:21.922 --> 00:43:23.221 [Edwin] Eighty-four or eighty-five? 959 00:43:23.223 --> 00:43:24.286 Eighty-five. 960 00:43:24.288 --> 00:43:27.520 Anyone have October not 30th 1985? 961 00:43:27.522 --> 00:43:28.588 Anyone? 962 00:43:28.590 --> 00:43:29.785 Somebody talk to me. 963 00:43:29.787 --> 00:43:31.555 Adam? 964 00:43:31.557 --> 00:43:33.788 Adam. Get your head in the game. 965 00:43:34.823 --> 00:43:36.352 [Bill] Adam? 966 00:43:36.354 --> 00:43:38.652 You've never been more wrong about anything. 967 00:43:39.757 --> 00:43:41.821 I get this more than you know. 968 00:43:44.790 --> 00:43:45.887 [Bill] Okay. 969 00:43:48.489 --> 00:43:51.453 I'm gonna go get a cup of... 970 00:43:54.423 --> 00:43:58.553 Hey, um, give me a hand with these drawings, okay? 971 00:43:58.555 --> 00:44:00.586 You know he's our best shot. 972 00:44:00.588 --> 00:44:02.354 - I know. - We know. 973 00:44:02.356 --> 00:44:04.388 Yeah, well... 974 00:44:04.390 --> 00:44:06.922 he has exactly nine minutes to get it together. 975 00:44:06.924 --> 00:44:08.187 He better. 976 00:44:09.154 --> 00:44:11.221 As a matter of fact, all of us need to throw 977 00:44:11.223 --> 00:44:13.321 some cold water on our faces before we go in there. 978 00:44:14.555 --> 00:44:15.652 Agreed. 979 00:44:17.889 --> 00:44:20.954 [Finch] <i>When you prepared for the telecon meeting,</i> 980 00:44:20.956 --> 00:44:22.619 had anything changed in your plan 981 00:44:22.621 --> 00:44:24.419 to approach your higher-ups? 982 00:44:28.223 --> 00:44:29.286 No. 983 00:44:30.191 --> 00:44:31.187 [Mary] <i>Hello?</i> 984 00:44:32.790 --> 00:44:33.953 Hey. 985 00:44:33.955 --> 00:44:36.587 Hey. How's it going over there? 986 00:44:38.189 --> 00:44:39.820 Oh, I got what I wanted, 987 00:44:39.822 --> 00:44:42.254 just not the way that I wanted. 988 00:44:43.822 --> 00:44:45.286 Is it the temperature? 989 00:44:46.391 --> 00:44:48.186 <i>Yes.</i> 990 00:44:48.188 --> 00:44:49.720 <i>The fluorocarbon elastomer.</i> 991 00:44:49.722 --> 00:44:51.121 Yes. 992 00:44:54.722 --> 00:44:56.321 You're the only ones. 993 00:44:56.323 --> 00:44:57.553 There's no one else. 994 00:45:01.323 --> 00:45:02.354 Mm-hm. 995 00:45:05.290 --> 00:45:08.887 <i>You have a human problem, not an engineering problem.</i> 996 00:45:14.891 --> 00:45:16.356 What's next? 997 00:45:17.490 --> 00:45:19.321 What do you have right in front of you 998 00:45:19.323 --> 00:45:20.753 that you have to do right now? 999 00:45:24.222 --> 00:45:26.387 Stand... stand up and go in the conference room. 1000 00:45:27.556 --> 00:45:28.786 <i>And then what?</i> 1001 00:45:30.723 --> 00:45:32.788 Make sure everyone has the right documents. 1002 00:45:34.257 --> 00:45:35.387 Then what? 1003 00:45:39.290 --> 00:45:40.756 I'll check the temperature correlations 1004 00:45:40.758 --> 00:45:42.590 to blowby and seal integrity. 1005 00:45:44.657 --> 00:45:45.756 Good. 1006 00:45:45.758 --> 00:45:47.255 You can do this. 1007 00:45:55.855 --> 00:45:56.886 Mary? 1008 00:46:00.225 --> 00:46:01.422 <i>I know.</i> 1009 00:46:05.691 --> 00:46:07.722 [thrilling music] 1010 00:46:19.957 --> 00:46:21.254 [keys jangling] 1011 00:46:31.856 --> 00:46:38.289 <i>♪ Divided we stand now Then later take the fall ♪</i> 1012 00:46:38.291 --> 00:46:41.721 <i>♪ As working boys Ain't got a chance ♪</i> 1013 00:46:41.723 --> 00:46:44.653 <i>♪ Unless we stand up tall ♪</i> 1014 00:46:46.656 --> 00:46:49.855 <i>♪ Whose side are you on, oh ♪</i> 1015 00:46:49.857 --> 00:46:52.588 <i>♪ Whose side are you on? ♪</i> 1016 00:46:52.590 --> 00:46:55.688 <i>♪ Oh ♪</i> 1017 00:47:08.256 --> 00:47:09.286 [Dean retches] 1018 00:47:12.925 --> 00:47:16.389 <i>♪ My daddy was a working man ♪</i> 1019 00:47:16.391 --> 00:47:19.755 <i>♪ Sinners to the sun ♪</i> 1020 00:47:19.757 --> 00:47:22.822 <i>♪ We ain't gonna stop ♪</i> 1021 00:47:22.824 --> 00:47:26.255 <i>♪ Until it's set and done ♪</i> 1022 00:47:26.257 --> 00:47:29.356 <i>♪ The power of the son in hand ♪</i> 1023 00:47:29.358 --> 00:47:32.589 <i>♪ There ain't no Neutrals there ♪</i> 1024 00:47:32.591 --> 00:47:35.887 <i>♪ You're either be a madman ♪</i> 1025 00:47:35.889 --> 00:47:38.553 <i>♪ Or a surk who doesn't care ♪</i> 1026 00:47:44.491 --> 00:47:47.453 <i>♪ Whose side are you on, oh ♪</i> 1027 00:47:47.455 --> 00:47:50.188 <i>♪ Whose side are you on? ♪</i> 1028 00:47:50.190 --> 00:47:52.822 <i>♪ Oh ♪</i> 1029 00:47:59.257 --> 00:48:02.423 <i>♪ Whose side are you on, oh ♪</i> 1030 00:48:02.425 --> 00:48:04.955 <i>♪ Whose side are you on? ♪</i> 1031 00:48:04.957 --> 00:48:07.722 <i>♪ Oh ♪</i> 1032 00:48:11.926 --> 00:48:18.423 <i>♪ Divided we stand now Then later take the fall ♪</i> 1033 00:48:18.425 --> 00:48:21.722 <i>♪ As working boys Ain't got a chance ♪</i> 1034 00:48:22.791 --> 00:48:23.855 Yeah. 1035 00:48:28.693 --> 00:48:34.225 <i>♪ Unless we stand up tall ♪</i> 1036 00:48:41.491 --> 00:48:43.155 We are all here, gentlemen. 1037 00:48:44.657 --> 00:48:45.922 [Jim] <i>This is Jim,</i> 1038 00:48:45.924 --> 00:48:48.686 The Company's flight engineer here at Kennedy Space Center. 1039 00:48:48.688 --> 00:48:50.289 [Nelson] Good evening, gentlemen. 1040 00:48:50.291 --> 00:48:52.390 Anyone from Marshall on yet? 1041 00:48:52.392 --> 00:48:56.390 Uh, yes. Sid, Rust, and Pat here. 1042 00:48:56.392 --> 00:48:58.656 [Nelson] <i>All right, what seems to be the issue here?</i> 1043 00:48:58.658 --> 00:49:01.455 Our best seal expert Adam 1044 00:49:01.457 --> 00:49:04.623 has some concerns about the temperature. 1045 00:49:04.625 --> 00:49:07.657 I can't stress enough how important it is 1046 00:49:07.659 --> 00:49:10.324 that how long it takes for these O-rings to seal 1047 00:49:10.326 --> 00:49:15.356 after they are compressed is vital to a successful launch. 1048 00:49:15.358 --> 00:49:18.356 The bottom line is the colder it gets, 1049 00:49:18.358 --> 00:49:22.225 the further we move away from the direction of goodness. 1050 00:49:22.227 --> 00:49:23.622 What do you mean we're moving away 1051 00:49:23.624 --> 00:49:26.589 from the direction of goodness? 1052 00:49:26.591 --> 00:49:29.589 The ability for the seals to expand in their grooves 1053 00:49:29.591 --> 00:49:32.590 is reduced as a function of temperature, 1054 00:49:32.592 --> 00:49:36.688 that's when the exhaust blows right by the gap created, 1055 00:49:36.690 --> 00:49:40.756 burns a hole in the side, and explodes. 1056 00:49:40.758 --> 00:49:42.689 You have a history of seal and erosion 1057 00:49:42.691 --> 00:49:45.354 and blowby correlation from previous relevant launches. 1058 00:49:45.356 --> 00:49:47.387 Pages nine through twenty. 1059 00:49:49.726 --> 00:49:52.891 Yes, there are... there... there are two seals on each joint. 1060 00:49:52.893 --> 00:49:56.755 Now, we have seen the primary seal breached in the past. 1061 00:49:56.757 --> 00:49:58.190 And we have all discussed 1062 00:49:58.192 --> 00:50:00.490 the primary seal being compromised, 1063 00:50:01.857 --> 00:50:03.758 and we have all concluded 1064 00:50:03.760 --> 00:50:06.458 that this is an acceptable level of failure 1065 00:50:06.460 --> 00:50:10.389 if we are confident the second seal will hold. 1066 00:50:10.391 --> 00:50:14.388 We are unsure the secondary seal will hold at these temperatures. 1067 00:50:16.426 --> 00:50:19.355 [Nelson] <i>So, you don't know?</i> 1068 00:50:21.725 --> 00:50:23.792 We know that we don't know. 1069 00:50:23.794 --> 00:50:26.690 Never has a contractor spoken more truly. 1070 00:50:26.692 --> 00:50:28.191 Well, thank you, Marshall. 1071 00:50:28.193 --> 00:50:30.590 We try to keep a handle on things, 1072 00:50:30.592 --> 00:50:33.690 though not as good as you guys. 1073 00:50:33.692 --> 00:50:35.489 [Pat] <i>We have enough time to make jokes,</i> 1074 00:50:35.491 --> 00:50:37.557 but we don't have enough time to fix seals. 1075 00:50:37.559 --> 00:50:40.593 If the seals are a problem, then why aren't they 1076 00:50:40.595 --> 00:50:44.290 in the problem assessment system documents we have here? 1077 00:50:44.292 --> 00:50:47.256 And why are we just hearing about it now, tonight? 1078 00:50:47.258 --> 00:50:49.589 Yeah, I'm gonna let our problem assessment expert 1079 00:50:49.591 --> 00:50:51.393 handle that one. 1080 00:50:51.395 --> 00:50:52.558 Frank? 1081 00:50:54.293 --> 00:51:00.590 Uh, because it looks to be like that 1082 00:51:00.592 --> 00:51:03.191 we left them off of the document. 1083 00:51:03.892 --> 00:51:05.423 Because it was fixed? 1084 00:51:06.193 --> 00:51:07.425 [Frank] No, sir. 1085 00:51:07.427 --> 00:51:09.358 Because they were always on there. 1086 00:51:10.492 --> 00:51:12.390 [Nelson] I don't understand. 1087 00:51:12.392 --> 00:51:14.292 [Pat] <i>So you're saying we took a problem</i> 1088 00:51:14.294 --> 00:51:16.659 of the problem assessment system 1089 00:51:16.661 --> 00:51:18.891 because it's still a problem? 1090 00:51:18.893 --> 00:51:24.357 We all agreed that these ongoing problems 1091 00:51:24.359 --> 00:51:28.789 were cluttering up the PASes, no one was looking at them. 1092 00:51:28.791 --> 00:51:31.321 And the things that we took off 1093 00:51:31.323 --> 00:51:34.490 were to be handled by a special committee. 1094 00:51:34.492 --> 00:51:37.388 Uh, seems like, what's the main seal guy's name? 1095 00:51:37.390 --> 00:51:38.356 [Kurt] <i>Adam.</i> 1096 00:51:38.358 --> 00:51:41.725 Seems like Adam thinks the problem isn't fixed. 1097 00:51:41.727 --> 00:51:43.790 We all agreed the problem is acceptable. 1098 00:51:43.792 --> 00:51:46.690 We've never launched a shuttle below 53 Degrees 1099 00:51:46.692 --> 00:51:48.821 and we're moving into the coldest launch 1100 00:51:48.823 --> 00:51:50.623 in NASA's history. 1101 00:51:50.625 --> 00:51:53.622 So you're changing the launch criteria 1102 00:51:53.624 --> 00:51:59.222 from 40 degrees to 53 degrees the night before the launch? 1103 00:51:59.224 --> 00:52:02.189 We're saying this is our data limitation. 1104 00:52:02.191 --> 00:52:04.692 When we run tests and squeeze the rubber... 1105 00:52:04.694 --> 00:52:06.957 Look at page 38. 1106 00:52:06.959 --> 00:52:09.324 When we squeeze it at 100 degrees, 1107 00:52:09.326 --> 00:52:12.424 and then let off the pressure we never lose contact, 1108 00:52:12.426 --> 00:52:15.293 but at 50 degrees when we let off the pressure, 1109 00:52:15.295 --> 00:52:16.557 it takes a few minutes 1110 00:52:16.559 --> 00:52:19.324 for the rubber to spring back into place. 1111 00:52:19.326 --> 00:52:21.525 [Nelson] <i>Your test does not represent reality.</i> 1112 00:52:21.527 --> 00:52:24.224 <i>The O-rings are constantly under pressure,</i> 1113 00:52:24.226 --> 00:52:26.492 your conclusion is not logical. 1114 00:52:26.494 --> 00:52:28.256 It is logical. 1115 00:52:28.258 --> 00:52:30.691 It proves that the fluorocarbon elastomer rubber 1116 00:52:30.693 --> 00:52:33.223 is absolutely affected by temperature. 1117 00:52:33.225 --> 00:52:35.756 If we lose the seal for a tenth of a second, 1118 00:52:35.758 --> 00:52:38.589 the hot fire and gases could blowby the seal 1119 00:52:38.591 --> 00:52:41.490 and erode the O-ring, which we have seen happen. 1120 00:52:41.492 --> 00:52:44.556 And if the secondary backup O-ring does the same thing, 1121 00:52:44.558 --> 00:52:45.688 is compromised... 1122 00:52:47.192 --> 00:52:48.958 that's the ball game. 1123 00:52:48.960 --> 00:52:52.524 We've seen blowby on STS-61-A also. 1124 00:52:52.526 --> 00:52:54.760 It's page four. 1125 00:52:54.762 --> 00:52:58.624 It says here that the launch went off at 75 degrees 1126 00:52:58.626 --> 00:53:00.392 and you got blowby. 1127 00:53:00.394 --> 00:53:01.856 [Nelson] I just don't understand 1128 00:53:01.858 --> 00:53:03.690 how you can determine temperature 1129 00:53:03.692 --> 00:53:05.425 <i>is the deciding factor.</i> 1130 00:53:05.427 --> 00:53:08.491 [Adam] Yeah, I'd like to answer that one please. 1131 00:53:08.493 --> 00:53:10.958 I just don't understand how you don't understand 1132 00:53:10.960 --> 00:53:14.224 that the cold makes rubber harder and less flexible. 1133 00:53:14.226 --> 00:53:18.658 It's warm, there's blowby. It's cold, there's blowby. 1134 00:53:18.660 --> 00:53:20.925 [Nelson] <i>It's warm, there's erosion.</i> 1135 00:53:20.927 --> 00:53:23.289 <i>It's cold, there's erosion.</i> 1136 00:53:23.291 --> 00:53:26.925 It doesn't seem to matter what temperature it is. 1137 00:53:26.927 --> 00:53:29.591 Yeah, if you'll just look at it with a rudimentary pass-fail, 1138 00:53:29.593 --> 00:53:31.924 then, yes, they both get blowby. 1139 00:53:31.926 --> 00:53:34.393 But if you get scientific about it, 1140 00:53:34.395 --> 00:53:35.924 at the colder temperatures, 1141 00:53:35.926 --> 00:53:38.725 the soot from the blowby is jet-black. 1142 00:53:38.727 --> 00:53:43.191 At 75 degrees, the soot from the blowby is light gray, spotty. 1143 00:53:43.193 --> 00:53:44.526 I examined them myself. 1144 00:53:44.528 --> 00:53:45.923 Now, if you can't see the difference, 1145 00:53:45.925 --> 00:53:47.159 <i>I can't help you.</i> 1146 00:53:47.161 --> 00:53:50.892 <i>We have seen primary seal failure in the past.</i> 1147 00:53:50.894 --> 00:53:53.359 And if you see primary seal failure, 1148 00:53:53.361 --> 00:53:56.594 then there is a high probability of secondary seal failure 1149 00:53:56.596 --> 00:53:58.524 within the first second of ignition 1150 00:53:58.526 --> 00:54:00.926 when the rocket flexes at the joint. 1151 00:54:00.928 --> 00:54:02.890 And it will flex. 1152 00:54:02.892 --> 00:54:05.825 And when the seals are compromised, you get blowby. 1153 00:54:05.827 --> 00:54:07.894 The blowby erodes the seals. 1154 00:54:07.896 --> 00:54:09.825 And that's when you have rocket flames 1155 00:54:09.827 --> 00:54:12.325 shooting out the side instead of the bottom. 1156 00:54:12.327 --> 00:54:16.424 And you have never seen secondary backup seal failure? 1157 00:54:16.426 --> 00:54:18.225 Actually, we have. 1158 00:54:18.227 --> 00:54:24.459 STS-51-B, the secondary O-ring suffered 12% erosion. 1159 00:54:24.461 --> 00:54:26.491 So why wasn't that the ball game, Bill? 1160 00:54:26.493 --> 00:54:27.690 [Bill] <i>What do you mean?</i> 1161 00:54:27.692 --> 00:54:29.326 Well, you said earlier, 1162 00:54:29.328 --> 00:54:31.456 that if we have secondary seal failure, 1163 00:54:31.458 --> 00:54:33.456 it would be the ball game. 1164 00:54:33.458 --> 00:54:35.425 This says it's happened before. 1165 00:54:35.427 --> 00:54:36.956 Just because we done it once 1166 00:54:36.958 --> 00:54:38.257 doesn't mean we could do it again. 1167 00:54:38.259 --> 00:54:39.624 We did it by the skin of our teeth. 1168 00:54:39.626 --> 00:54:41.957 Is this how we're going to keep going? 1169 00:54:41.959 --> 00:54:44.258 Like a child who runs out into the road 1170 00:54:44.260 --> 00:54:45.524 and nothing happens. 1171 00:54:45.526 --> 00:54:46.526 He says, "See, I'm just fine. 1172 00:54:46.528 --> 00:54:48.557 Let's just keep on running out into the road." 1173 00:54:48.559 --> 00:54:50.191 And the parents do nothing? 1174 00:54:50.193 --> 00:54:51.293 Oh. 1175 00:54:51.295 --> 00:54:52.460 So you're the parent? 1176 00:54:52.462 --> 00:54:53.657 Someone has to be. 1177 00:54:53.659 --> 00:54:55.925 I just can't believe that it's a function of temperature. 1178 00:54:55.927 --> 00:54:57.860 The data is inconclusive. 1179 00:54:57.862 --> 00:55:00.958 I can't accept this train of thought. 1180 00:55:00.960 --> 00:55:02.659 If you take a look at the synopsis, 1181 00:55:02.661 --> 00:55:04.724 we should not launch with an O-ring temperature 1182 00:55:04.726 --> 00:55:07.191 below 53 degrees Fahrenheit. 1183 00:55:07.193 --> 00:55:09.560 It shouldn't matter that we've skirted disaster in the past. 1184 00:55:09.562 --> 00:55:11.892 The odds will catch with us eventually. 1185 00:55:11.894 --> 00:55:14.158 [Nelson] <i>Quantify your results.</i> 1186 00:55:16.861 --> 00:55:18.458 Quantify? 1187 00:55:18.460 --> 00:55:21.290 What is the probability of primary 1188 00:55:21.292 --> 00:55:23.757 and secondary O-ring failure? 1189 00:55:23.759 --> 00:55:25.960 I don't understand your question. 1190 00:55:25.962 --> 00:55:27.724 [Nelson] <i>Quantify!</i> 1191 00:55:27.726 --> 00:55:30.825 How do you quantify a train is coming? 1192 00:55:30.827 --> 00:55:33.892 You look down the tracks and you see a train is coming. 1193 00:55:33.894 --> 00:55:37.957 I am telling you to do it. Quantify your results! 1194 00:55:37.959 --> 00:55:40.692 No, I can't. I can't do that with this data! 1195 00:55:40.694 --> 00:55:43.723 I can only work with the data in front of me. 1196 00:55:43.725 --> 00:55:45.792 You're giving me oranges 1197 00:55:45.794 --> 00:55:47.859 and asking me to bake you an apple pie. 1198 00:55:47.861 --> 00:55:49.658 I can't do that. 1199 00:55:49.660 --> 00:55:53.693 What I can quantify with 100% accuracy 1200 00:55:53.695 --> 00:55:55.624 is that right now we are moving away 1201 00:55:55.626 --> 00:55:57.925 from the direction of goodness. 1202 00:55:57.927 --> 00:56:01.458 I don't... I don't understand this conversation. I... 1203 00:56:01.460 --> 00:56:04.560 The facts don't lie! 1204 00:56:04.562 --> 00:56:06.591 I don't understand how you can see the facts 1205 00:56:06.593 --> 00:56:08.393 and they don't convince you. 1206 00:56:08.395 --> 00:56:10.526 Cold rubber doesn't lie. 1207 00:56:10.528 --> 00:56:12.692 Recovered rockets don't lie. 1208 00:56:12.694 --> 00:56:15.859 Burned up, charred up O-rings don't lie. 1209 00:56:17.626 --> 00:56:19.561 I'm right about this. 1210 00:56:19.563 --> 00:56:20.626 I am. 1211 00:56:22.329 --> 00:56:26.326 You hired me to do a job, and by God, I'm gonna do it. 1212 00:56:26.328 --> 00:56:31.926 And I don't care if it ruins me, or you, or NASA 1213 00:56:31.928 --> 00:56:34.260 or anybody else, you get me? 1214 00:56:38.562 --> 00:56:39.726 [Sid] <i>So what do you think, Pat?</i> 1215 00:56:41.195 --> 00:56:42.625 I am appalled that you would dare 1216 00:56:42.627 --> 00:56:44.527 to make such a recommendation. 1217 00:56:44.529 --> 00:56:48.393 And change the flight criteria the night before a launch? 1218 00:56:49.462 --> 00:56:50.427 Look here, 1219 00:56:50.429 --> 00:56:54.560 it is expected to be 29-39 degrees tomorrow. 1220 00:56:54.562 --> 00:56:56.492 Even your high temperature 1221 00:56:56.494 --> 00:56:58.457 is outside of our data experience. 1222 00:56:59.562 --> 00:57:01.559 Haven't you been getting ice already? 1223 00:57:04.263 --> 00:57:05.326 Fine. 1224 00:57:05.328 --> 00:57:07.726 I'm not gonna go against a contractor's assessment. 1225 00:57:10.761 --> 00:57:14.391 When do you want me to launch? Next April? 1226 00:57:20.695 --> 00:57:23.626 [Nelson] <i>I can't go against a contractor's recommendation</i> 1227 00:57:23.628 --> 00:57:24.659 <i>to stop the launch.</i> 1228 00:57:32.928 --> 00:57:34.125 Pat? 1229 00:57:35.893 --> 00:57:37.157 Jim? 1230 00:57:38.393 --> 00:57:40.727 This has to be an engineering decision, 1231 00:57:40.729 --> 00:57:42.695 not program or management. 1232 00:57:44.228 --> 00:57:46.791 Kurt? You wanna give us a final? 1233 00:57:46.793 --> 00:57:49.890 Uh, can you give us about five minutes, please? 1234 00:57:50.962 --> 00:57:52.225 [Nelson] <i>Yes. You bet.</i> 1235 00:57:52.227 --> 00:57:53.357 Thank you. 1236 00:57:54.796 --> 00:57:58.424 This is so backwards. 1237 00:57:58.426 --> 00:58:01.859 Generating new launch criteria the night before you launch, 1238 00:58:01.861 --> 00:58:03.958 that's backwards. 1239 00:58:03.960 --> 00:58:07.226 I suspect our guys are gathering more data, 1240 00:58:07.228 --> 00:58:08.262 running numbers to come up 1241 00:58:08.264 --> 00:58:10.760 with a more accurate temperature launch window. 1242 00:58:12.827 --> 00:58:15.459 Whatever they're doing, they had better come back 1243 00:58:15.461 --> 00:58:17.758 with a way to quantify their recommendation. 1244 00:58:23.194 --> 00:58:24.294 What was that? 1245 00:58:24.296 --> 00:58:26.893 So now we have to prove that something doesn't work? 1246 00:58:26.895 --> 00:58:29.193 Instead of having to prove that it does work? 1247 00:58:29.195 --> 00:58:36.192 [whispering] 1248 00:58:39.696 --> 00:58:41.627 We need to make a management decision. 1249 00:58:41.629 --> 00:58:43.193 We can't do that. 1250 00:58:45.528 --> 00:58:48.524 Please, look at the chart in front of you. 1251 00:58:50.229 --> 00:58:51.793 If Bill... if it tell say nothing, 1252 00:58:51.795 --> 00:58:54.893 let them show you our uncertainty. 1253 00:58:54.895 --> 00:58:57.792 We cannot guarantee a good seal! [thumps on table] 1254 00:59:02.495 --> 00:59:03.793 I don't know what else to say. 1255 00:59:08.195 --> 00:59:09.692 Black soot. Look at 'em. 1256 00:59:10.727 --> 00:59:11.959 Look at 'em! 1257 00:59:11.961 --> 00:59:14.895 [Lester] Data is inconclusive. 1258 00:59:14.897 --> 00:59:17.560 I wouldn't get on that shuttle tomorrow. 1259 00:59:17.562 --> 00:59:19.726 You're not an astronaut. 1260 00:59:19.728 --> 00:59:21.759 That's right. I'm not an astronaut. 1261 00:59:21.761 --> 00:59:23.891 But their lives are in our hands. 1262 00:59:25.196 --> 00:59:26.930 Would you get on that shuttle? 1263 00:59:26.932 --> 00:59:28.327 They know the risks. 1264 00:59:28.329 --> 00:59:30.227 And that's not our concern. 1265 00:59:31.362 --> 00:59:32.392 What? 1266 00:59:34.829 --> 00:59:37.595 - What kind of a man are you? - [Kurt] Adam! 1267 00:59:37.597 --> 00:59:40.962 Who... How dare you play with human life like that? 1268 00:59:40.964 --> 00:59:44.326 Who do you think you are? God? Huh? 1269 00:59:44.328 --> 00:59:47.658 You think you get to decide who lives and who dies? 1270 00:59:50.428 --> 00:59:53.528 This is despicable is what this is. 1271 00:59:53.530 --> 00:59:56.427 You're a weak, spineless man, who can't... 1272 00:59:56.429 --> 01:00:01.825 won't give these poor souls a chance, so... so what? 1273 01:00:01.827 --> 01:00:03.926 So we can keep our stupid jobs? 1274 01:00:03.928 --> 01:00:08.393 And make an extra buck or two? Huh? 1275 01:00:08.395 --> 01:00:11.194 You're willing to drive right up to the edge of the cliff, 1276 01:00:11.196 --> 01:00:14.493 just to see how close you can get without falling off. 1277 01:00:14.495 --> 01:00:16.494 You're gonna fall off tomorrow. 1278 01:00:18.261 --> 01:00:20.561 I tell you what, why don't you put on 1279 01:00:20.563 --> 01:00:22.594 one of those pretty blue costumes and a helmet, 1280 01:00:22.596 --> 01:00:24.393 drive yourself down to that cage 1281 01:00:24.395 --> 01:00:26.358 with a bomb strapped under it, huh? 1282 01:00:26.360 --> 01:00:29.959 Better yet, why don't you invite your wife or your daughter? 1283 01:00:29.961 --> 01:00:33.158 This is not a management decision. 1284 01:01:05.495 --> 01:01:07.828 NASA, we took a second look at our data, 1285 01:01:07.830 --> 01:01:09.728 and we've determined that it is inconclusive. 1286 01:01:10.797 --> 01:01:12.294 Our recommendation is to launch. 1287 01:01:14.460 --> 01:01:16.360 [Pat] <i>Are there any disagreements?</i> 1288 01:01:18.398 --> 01:01:19.461 <i>Then it's a go.</i> 1289 01:01:21.262 --> 01:01:22.259 [Carl inhales sharply] 1290 01:01:24.197 --> 01:01:25.827 [Larry] <i>Why didn't you speak up after that?</i> 1291 01:01:27.698 --> 01:01:29.161 Why did you stay silent? 1292 01:01:31.395 --> 01:01:33.160 You guys were the engineers. 1293 01:01:33.930 --> 01:01:35.560 You should have said something. 1294 01:01:38.564 --> 01:01:39.862 I don't know what to say to that. 1295 01:01:42.829 --> 01:01:47.492 That's exactly why you need our help, to get through this. 1296 01:01:47.494 --> 01:01:49.259 These questions are gonna come up. 1297 01:01:51.298 --> 01:01:52.497 You need to have an answer. 1298 01:01:52.499 --> 01:01:56.428 Can you fax over a flight recommendation to get signed? 1299 01:01:56.430 --> 01:01:57.930 Right away. 1300 01:01:57.932 --> 01:02:00.462 [fax machine whirring] 1301 01:02:10.795 --> 01:02:13.427 Please sign this. 1302 01:02:13.429 --> 01:02:15.526 Oh, no. 1303 01:02:15.528 --> 01:02:19.428 We need someone from your company to sign this. 1304 01:02:19.430 --> 01:02:20.760 I'm not signing that. 1305 01:02:27.897 --> 01:02:30.195 Can we have someone from your end 1306 01:02:30.197 --> 01:02:35.562 sign a flight recommendation and fax it over, please? 1307 01:02:37.299 --> 01:02:38.295 [Myron] <i>Right away.</i> 1308 01:02:43.461 --> 01:02:45.562 The recovery boats coming back in 1309 01:02:45.564 --> 01:02:47.194 was enough to scrap the launch. 1310 01:02:47.196 --> 01:02:48.863 The wind was enough to scrap the launch. 1311 01:02:48.865 --> 01:02:50.862 The ice was enough to scrap the launch. 1312 01:02:50.864 --> 01:02:53.629 Let alone your contractor safety concerns. 1313 01:03:04.697 --> 01:03:06.526 If something happens tomorrow, 1314 01:03:06.528 --> 01:03:08.562 I wouldn't want to be the one to stand up in front 1315 01:03:08.564 --> 01:03:10.896 of some board of inquisition and give testimony 1316 01:03:10.898 --> 01:03:14.527 as to why I chose to launch against the qualifications 1317 01:03:14.529 --> 01:03:17.228 and recommendations of my engineers. 1318 01:03:20.297 --> 01:03:21.327 [groans] 1319 01:03:24.931 --> 01:03:27.130 [somber music] 1320 01:03:46.964 --> 01:03:49.162 [somber music continues] 1321 01:04:25.663 --> 01:04:27.661 [engine revving] 1322 01:04:52.963 --> 01:04:55.161 [somber music] 1323 01:05:49.197 --> 01:05:51.629 [clock ticking] 1324 01:05:51.631 --> 01:05:53.263 [announcer] <i>The T-minus ten seconds</i> 1325 01:05:53.265 --> 01:05:56.296 <i>to burn off any residual hydrogen gas.</i> 1326 01:05:56.298 --> 01:05:59.230 <i>T-minus 45 seconds and counting.</i> 1327 01:05:59.232 --> 01:06:02.328 <i>The Solid Rocket Booster flight instrumentation reporters</i> 1328 01:06:02.330 --> 01:06:04.262 <i>have gone into the record mode.</i> 1329 01:06:07.398 --> 01:06:10.960 <i>Coming up on the 32nd point in our countdown.</i> 1330 01:06:10.962 --> 01:06:14.363 <i>The SRB hydraulic power units have started.</i> 1331 01:06:14.365 --> 01:06:15.897 <i>T-minus 21 seconds.</i> 1332 01:06:15.899 --> 01:06:19.697 <i>And the Solid Rocket Booster engine gimbal is now underway.</i> 1333 01:06:20.966 --> 01:06:22.830 <i>T-minus 15 seconds.</i> 1334 01:06:25.497 --> 01:06:27.398 <i>T-minus ten.</i> 1335 01:06:27.400 --> 01:06:30.895 <i>Nine, eight, seven, six...</i> 1336 01:06:30.897 --> 01:06:32.864 <i>We have main engine start.</i> 1337 01:06:32.866 --> 01:06:36.728 <i>...four, three, two, one.</i> 1338 01:06:36.730 --> 01:06:38.399 <i>And lift off.</i> 1339 01:06:38.401 --> 01:06:41.629 <i>Lift of from the 25th space shuttle mission</i> 1340 01:06:41.631 --> 01:06:43.195 <i>and it has cleared the tower.</i> 1341 01:06:44.200 --> 01:06:48.664 [indistinct radio chatter] 1342 01:06:48.666 --> 01:06:51.663 [rumbling] 1343 01:06:54.533 --> 01:06:56.397 [man #1] <i>Challenger now heading down range.</i> 1344 01:07:04.666 --> 01:07:08.697 <i>Engine's beginning throttling now at 94 percent.</i> 1345 01:07:08.699 --> 01:07:11.896 <i>Normal throttle, uh, most applied 104 percent.</i> 1346 01:07:14.299 --> 01:07:17.462 <i>It will travel down to, uh, 65 percent, shortly.</i> 1347 01:07:20.964 --> 01:07:22.464 <i>Engine's at 65 percent.</i> 1348 01:07:22.466 --> 01:07:24.261 <i>Three engines are running normally.</i> 1349 01:07:24.263 --> 01:07:25.397 <i>Three good fuel cells.</i> 1350 01:07:25.399 --> 01:07:26.597 <i>Three good engines.</i> 1351 01:07:27.532 --> 01:07:28.532 <i>Engines throttling up.</i> 1352 01:07:28.534 --> 01:07:30.463 <i>Three engines now at 104 percent.</i> 1353 01:07:30.465 --> 01:07:32.530 [man #2] <i>Challenger, go and throttle up.</i> 1354 01:07:32.532 --> 01:07:33.729 [man #3] <i>Challenger's gonna throttle up.</i> 1355 01:07:35.931 --> 01:07:37.294 [explosion] 1356 01:07:38.732 --> 01:07:39.966 [man #1] <i>One minute, fifteen seconds.</i> 1357 01:07:39.968 --> 01:07:41.696 <i>Velocity, 2900 feet per second.</i> 1358 01:07:41.698 --> 01:07:42.864 <i>An altitude, nine nautical miles.</i> 1359 01:07:42.866 --> 01:07:44.763 <i>Generates distance, seven nautical miles.</i> 1360 01:08:08.564 --> 01:08:10.897 Did you know the investigation turned up the fact 1361 01:08:10.899 --> 01:08:13.966 that some of them survived the initial explosion? 1362 01:08:13.968 --> 01:08:18.866 [clattering] 1363 01:08:18.868 --> 01:08:22.298 Some of the safety switch protocols had been activated. 1364 01:08:23.266 --> 01:08:25.662 [rumbling] 1365 01:08:25.664 --> 01:08:29.195 [wind swishing] 1366 01:08:30.796 --> 01:08:33.628 [wind gusting] 1367 01:08:33.630 --> 01:08:34.695 [woman gasps] 1368 01:08:38.699 --> 01:08:41.865 Did they die on impact? Did they drown? 1369 01:08:41.867 --> 01:08:43.264 Did they suffocate? 1370 01:08:44.567 --> 01:08:46.230 [clattering] 1371 01:08:49.666 --> 01:08:50.730 [woman whimpers] 1372 01:08:55.399 --> 01:08:56.562 [wind gusts] 1373 01:09:00.364 --> 01:09:02.296 I guess it doesn't matter. 1374 01:09:04.830 --> 01:09:06.427 Did you know any of them? 1375 01:09:10.298 --> 01:09:11.328 No. 1376 01:09:13.798 --> 01:09:15.297 [Adam] <i>Never met a single one.</i> 1377 01:09:19.532 --> 01:09:22.730 [Larry] <i>This is a tragedy.</i> 1378 01:09:22.732 --> 01:09:27.832 A true tragedy, one our nation will not soon forget. 1379 01:09:30.399 --> 01:09:33.830 But I think we have to remember, it's a risky business. 1380 01:09:34.733 --> 01:09:35.763 [Adam] It is. 1381 01:09:36.934 --> 01:09:37.932 But you know what? 1382 01:09:37.934 --> 01:09:41.731 I'm really gettin' kinda sick of hearing that. 1383 01:09:41.733 --> 01:09:45.298 Least we had Reagan to comfort us, though, huh? 1384 01:09:45.300 --> 01:09:48.499 [Reagan] <i>Today is a day of mourning and remembering.</i> 1385 01:09:48.501 --> 01:09:49.862 <i>We know we share this pain</i> 1386 01:09:49.864 --> 01:09:52.464 <i>with all of the people of our country.</i> 1387 01:09:52.466 --> 01:09:55.529 <i>This is truly a national loss.</i> 1388 01:09:55.531 --> 01:09:57.764 <i>To the families of the seven,</i> 1389 01:09:57.766 --> 01:10:01.330 <i>we cannot bear as you do the full impact of this tragedy.</i> 1390 01:10:02.267 --> 01:10:03.398 <i>But we feel the loss</i> 1391 01:10:03.400 --> 01:10:06.764 <i>and we're thinking about you so very much.</i> 1392 01:10:06.766 --> 01:10:08.731 <i>I've always had great faith in</i> 1393 01:10:08.733 --> 01:10:10.933 <i>and respect for our space program.</i> 1394 01:10:10.935 --> 01:10:14.199 <i>And what happened today does nothing to diminish it.</i> 1395 01:10:14.201 --> 01:10:16.199 <i>We don't hide our space program,</i> 1396 01:10:16.201 --> 01:10:18.765 <i>we don't keep secrets and cover things up.</i> 1397 01:10:18.767 --> 01:10:21.632 <i>We do it all upfront and in public.</i> 1398 01:10:21.634 --> 01:10:23.230 <i>That's the way freedom is</i> 1399 01:10:23.232 --> 01:10:25.730 <i>and we wouldn't change it for a minute.</i> 1400 01:10:25.732 --> 01:10:28.301 <i>We'll continue our quest in space.</i> 1401 01:10:28.303 --> 01:10:29.697 <i>There would be more shuttle flights</i> 1402 01:10:29.699 --> 01:10:31.498 <i>and more shuttle crews.</i> 1403 01:10:31.500 --> 01:10:33.967 <i>And, yes, more volunteers, more civilians,</i> 1404 01:10:33.969 --> 01:10:36.531 <i>more teachers in space.</i> 1405 01:10:36.533 --> 01:10:37.763 <i>Nothing ends here.</i> 1406 01:10:38.968 --> 01:10:40.598 <i>We will never forget them,</i> 1407 01:10:40.600 --> 01:10:43.831 <i>nor the last time we saw them, this morning.</i> 1408 01:10:43.833 --> 01:10:45.496 <i>As they prepared for their journey</i> 1409 01:10:45.498 --> 01:10:47.464 <i>and waved goodbye,</i> 1410 01:10:47.466 --> 01:10:51.230 <i>and "slipped the slurry bonds of Earth"</i> 1411 01:10:51.232 --> 01:10:52.629 <i>to "touch the face of God."</i> 1412 01:10:53.933 --> 01:10:55.163 Thank you. 1413 01:10:59.633 --> 01:11:00.630 [sighs] 1414 01:11:03.768 --> 01:11:05.765 [breaths heavily] 1415 01:11:16.267 --> 01:11:17.865 [stutters] What are you doing? 1416 01:11:17.867 --> 01:11:18.963 [Adam] Getting rid of this thing. 1417 01:11:18.965 --> 01:11:20.731 [Mary] Why? 1418 01:11:20.733 --> 01:11:23.432 Adam, can you just wait just one second? 1419 01:11:23.434 --> 01:11:25.530 Adam, what do you think this is going to solve? 1420 01:11:25.532 --> 01:11:26.665 [Adam] I don't know. 1421 01:11:26.667 --> 01:11:28.464 You don't have to throw away our TV. 1422 01:11:28.466 --> 01:11:30.362 Mary, I don't want all of this getting in. 1423 01:11:30.364 --> 01:11:31.363 Getting in? What are talking... 1424 01:11:31.365 --> 01:11:33.363 The reports, the investigations, the accusations. 1425 01:11:33.365 --> 01:11:34.464 Haven't you heard what he was saying? 1426 01:11:34.466 --> 01:11:36.196 Against me. Against us. 1427 01:11:36.198 --> 01:11:37.828 You didn't do anything. 1428 01:11:45.967 --> 01:11:47.164 [Mary] Hey. 1429 01:11:47.832 --> 01:11:49.230 You did something. 1430 01:11:50.834 --> 01:11:52.365 That amounted to nothing. 1431 01:11:53.967 --> 01:11:55.630 You didn't do anything wrong. 1432 01:12:00.668 --> 01:12:02.199 What? 1433 01:12:02.201 --> 01:12:03.696 You did the right thing. 1434 01:12:03.698 --> 01:12:05.399 [Adam] I did the right thing? 1435 01:12:05.401 --> 01:12:07.699 This is where you end up when you do the right thing. 1436 01:12:07.701 --> 01:12:09.730 Right out here in the alley, right next to the trash 1437 01:12:09.732 --> 01:12:11.832 where the... where the neighbors can look at you 1438 01:12:11.834 --> 01:12:14.433 and gawk, "Oh, there he is, there's the engineer, 1439 01:12:14.435 --> 01:12:16.199 that's the guy that works for the O-rings, 1440 01:12:16.201 --> 01:12:18.699 killed seven people," Mary. 1441 01:12:18.701 --> 01:12:19.834 So, yeah, this spot right here, 1442 01:12:19.836 --> 01:12:22.234 this is where you end up when you do the right thing. 1443 01:12:23.433 --> 01:12:25.497 You didn't do anything wrong. 1444 01:12:26.632 --> 01:12:28.232 I could've... 1445 01:12:28.234 --> 01:12:29.866 I could've done so much more. 1446 01:12:29.868 --> 01:12:31.729 No. No. You couldn't have. 1447 01:12:31.731 --> 01:12:33.799 You did everything that you could have. 1448 01:12:33.801 --> 01:12:35.631 - [Adam] No! - All of you did. 1449 01:12:35.633 --> 01:12:38.532 Well, did I, uh, did I call the media? 1450 01:12:38.534 --> 01:12:40.198 Did... did I call the astronauts? 1451 01:12:40.200 --> 01:12:41.832 Did I try to call the astronaut's families? 1452 01:12:41.834 --> 01:12:45.632 Did I pick up the red phone and try to call the president? 1453 01:12:45.634 --> 01:12:46.866 Did I jump in my car 1454 01:12:46.868 --> 01:12:49.198 and go flying all the way down to Florida 1455 01:12:49.200 --> 01:12:51.234 and go lay down in the middle of the launch pad 1456 01:12:51.236 --> 01:12:54.565 to try to stop this thing that I knew was gonna happen? 1457 01:12:54.567 --> 01:12:56.800 I know. I know you knew it. 1458 01:12:56.802 --> 01:12:58.199 But it wouldn't have changed anything 1459 01:12:58.201 --> 01:12:59.565 because they didn't listen. 1460 01:13:00.933 --> 01:13:02.267 They didn't listen. 1461 01:13:02.269 --> 01:13:04.534 They should have pushed the launch... 1462 01:13:06.466 --> 01:13:08.197 They should have pushed the launch. 1463 01:13:09.635 --> 01:13:13.266 They should've pushed it a few hours, a few weeks, days, 1464 01:13:13.268 --> 01:13:14.333 whatever it took. 1465 01:13:15.269 --> 01:13:16.531 But they didn't. 1466 01:13:16.533 --> 01:13:18.297 And that is on them. 1467 01:13:20.534 --> 01:13:22.332 You were right. 1468 01:13:27.204 --> 01:13:28.400 I was right. 1469 01:13:31.635 --> 01:13:32.632 I was right. 1470 01:13:35.334 --> 01:13:36.364 So what? 1471 01:13:39.668 --> 01:13:44.532 We... This is too heavy a burden to carry. 1472 01:13:46.936 --> 01:13:50.464 This is what you need to be throwing away, not the TV. 1473 01:13:50.466 --> 01:13:54.467 Mary, I wasn't the right man for the job. 1474 01:13:54.469 --> 01:13:56.399 But that's not how this works. 1475 01:14:07.966 --> 01:14:09.732 You can throw it away, 1476 01:14:09.734 --> 01:14:11.500 but it's not gonna change anything. 1477 01:14:17.636 --> 01:14:19.532 Maybe not, 1478 01:14:19.534 --> 01:14:21.866 but you get to decide where you go from here. 1479 01:14:26.468 --> 01:14:28.500 [somber music] 1480 01:14:44.268 --> 01:14:47.399 What happened in Utah a few weeks after? 1481 01:14:47.401 --> 01:14:49.933 [Adam] I don't know. People were upset. 1482 01:14:49.935 --> 01:14:52.499 Uh, the whole town has a stake in this. 1483 01:14:52.501 --> 01:14:54.465 Most of us who live here, work there. 1484 01:14:55.902 --> 01:15:00.632 There were a few individuals who decided to pull 1485 01:15:00.634 --> 01:15:04.400 a very insensitive stunt, we don't know who they were. 1486 01:15:04.402 --> 01:15:07.133 Did you feel like it was directed at you? 1487 01:15:08.667 --> 01:15:10.431 Yeah, I did. 1488 01:15:13.770 --> 01:15:15.802 [somber music] 1489 01:16:12.535 --> 01:16:14.534 [foreboding music] 1490 01:16:15.704 --> 01:16:16.901 [Adam] Hey. Hey. 1491 01:16:20.503 --> 01:16:22.899 Does anybody call you names because of what happened? 1492 01:16:22.901 --> 01:16:24.232 [Emma] Some of them. 1493 01:16:25.770 --> 01:16:26.834 Yeah. 1494 01:16:28.835 --> 01:16:31.467 I am so sorry that this is happening to you. 1495 01:16:32.834 --> 01:16:35.265 Can we just leave now and never come back? 1496 01:16:37.771 --> 01:16:38.801 No. 1497 01:16:40.636 --> 01:16:42.936 No, something wrong has been done, 1498 01:16:42.938 --> 01:16:46.435 and your dad has to see it through, okay? 1499 01:16:46.437 --> 01:16:47.466 [Emma] Why? 1500 01:16:52.269 --> 01:16:53.632 I'm not sure why. 1501 01:16:56.502 --> 01:16:57.832 And I'm not sure it matters. 1502 01:16:59.403 --> 01:17:00.867 I don't wanna go to school today. 1503 01:17:01.667 --> 01:17:05.268 Oh. Come here. 1504 01:17:05.270 --> 01:17:08.700 You don't have to, kiddo, you don't have to. 1505 01:17:10.203 --> 01:17:11.900 But you are gonna have to go back. 1506 01:17:14.236 --> 01:17:15.833 And when you do, it's gonna be hard. 1507 01:17:17.467 --> 01:17:18.667 I want you to remember something, 1508 01:17:18.669 --> 01:17:20.566 and you remember this always... 1509 01:17:23.401 --> 01:17:25.933 your dad tried to stop that launch 1510 01:17:25.935 --> 01:17:27.765 when no one else would. 1511 01:17:29.768 --> 01:17:31.201 That's the truth. 1512 01:17:31.203 --> 01:17:33.201 [somber music] 1513 01:17:41.336 --> 01:17:44.701 They will eventually call anyone and everyone 1514 01:17:44.703 --> 01:17:45.799 who has a significant role 1515 01:17:45.801 --> 01:17:48.633 in the Solid Rocket Booster fabrication to testify 1516 01:17:48.635 --> 01:17:51.466 before the commission of President Reagan has assembled. 1517 01:17:52.569 --> 01:17:53.701 It's a witch hunt. 1518 01:17:53.703 --> 01:17:54.934 It's not a witch hunt. 1519 01:17:54.936 --> 01:17:57.867 It's just a Fact-Finding Committee. 1520 01:17:57.869 --> 01:18:00.832 Well, they've found an awful lot of facts lately, haven't they? 1521 01:18:01.804 --> 01:18:03.734 Like what? 1522 01:18:03.736 --> 01:18:06.434 Like that <i>New York Times</i> article, 1523 01:18:06.436 --> 01:18:09.568 where an insider leaked sensitive information. 1524 01:18:09.570 --> 01:18:12.969 It's not sensitive information, it's the truth. 1525 01:18:12.971 --> 01:18:14.833 And if you're implying that I'm the one who leaked, 1526 01:18:14.835 --> 01:18:16.203 you're out of your mind. 1527 01:18:16.205 --> 01:18:18.569 Do not give out any more information 1528 01:18:18.571 --> 01:18:20.935 than is absolutely necessary. 1529 01:18:20.937 --> 01:18:24.203 Yes, no, or I don't know. 1530 01:18:24.205 --> 01:18:26.302 You shouldn't antagonize these people. 1531 01:18:26.304 --> 01:18:28.768 Don't go out there on your own. 1532 01:18:28.770 --> 01:18:30.566 I'm telling you, for your own sake. 1533 01:18:30.568 --> 01:18:33.633 I don't like the way you said that. 1534 01:18:33.635 --> 01:18:35.669 Do you want the space program to continue. 1535 01:18:35.671 --> 01:18:37.802 - Yes or no? - [Jim] That's not the question. 1536 01:18:37.804 --> 01:18:40.402 Yes or no? 1537 01:18:40.404 --> 01:18:44.634 That is the question. That is the only question. 1538 01:18:44.636 --> 01:18:46.469 You engineers seem to think that in few weeks, 1539 01:18:46.471 --> 01:18:47.767 it's business as usual. 1540 01:18:47.769 --> 01:18:49.535 Well, I have news for you. 1541 01:18:49.537 --> 01:18:53.201 You are not flying again anytime soon. 1542 01:18:53.203 --> 01:18:55.236 You get to decide when. 1543 01:18:55.238 --> 01:18:56.702 How long do you wanna wait 1544 01:18:56.704 --> 01:18:58.300 before the next shuttle is on the launch pad? 1545 01:18:58.302 --> 01:19:00.602 Three years or three decades? 1546 01:19:00.604 --> 01:19:02.403 You decide. 1547 01:19:02.405 --> 01:19:05.569 Mistakes have been made and if they continue to be made, 1548 01:19:05.571 --> 01:19:07.702 you are never flying again, ever. 1549 01:19:07.704 --> 01:19:10.266 That decision is made for you. 1550 01:19:10.268 --> 01:19:11.202 No more contracts, 1551 01:19:11.204 --> 01:19:14.337 no more space program, no more progress. 1552 01:19:14.339 --> 01:19:15.668 This is it. 1553 01:19:15.670 --> 01:19:19.203 History-making time, right now. 1554 01:19:19.205 --> 01:19:20.766 Do you continue to shoot your mouth off 1555 01:19:20.768 --> 01:19:23.233 with no regard to progress? 1556 01:19:24.304 --> 01:19:26.433 Because if you go against counsel 1557 01:19:26.435 --> 01:19:27.869 and you perjure yourself, 1558 01:19:27.871 --> 01:19:30.570 or you say something incriminating by accident, 1559 01:19:30.572 --> 01:19:32.601 that is on you. 1560 01:19:32.603 --> 01:19:34.635 Testifying before a presidential commission 1561 01:19:34.637 --> 01:19:36.603 is nothing to screw around with. 1562 01:19:39.204 --> 01:19:42.403 And how many have you testified before? 1563 01:19:42.405 --> 01:19:43.533 I don't testify. 1564 01:19:43.535 --> 01:19:44.501 None. 1565 01:19:44.503 --> 01:19:47.902 You've testified before none, and I have, 1566 01:19:47.904 --> 01:19:50.202 so that makes me the expert in this room. 1567 01:19:50.204 --> 01:19:53.467 Yes, no, or I don't know. 1568 01:19:55.369 --> 01:19:57.333 I have to get back to work. 1569 01:19:57.335 --> 01:20:01.266 If you go against us, you will lose. 1570 01:20:03.204 --> 01:20:04.535 Both of you. 1571 01:20:04.537 --> 01:20:07.668 [man] ...at the secondary seal that we were talked, 1572 01:20:07.670 --> 01:20:11.533 that we alluded to with the type of erosion, 1573 01:20:11.535 --> 01:20:14.768 uh, that we had was... 1574 01:20:14.770 --> 01:20:18.368 [indistinct chatter] 1575 01:20:18.370 --> 01:20:20.602 I understand what critically one means, 1576 01:20:20.604 --> 01:20:23.467 it means it is important for safety and for flight. 1577 01:20:23.469 --> 01:20:25.869 Is there a high... higher category than that? 1578 01:20:25.871 --> 01:20:28.668 Let me go back just one moment to the Cook memorandum. 1579 01:20:28.670 --> 01:20:30.934 He said, "I would think that any NASA budgets 1580 01:20:30.936 --> 01:20:33.933 submitted this year for fiscal year 1987, 1581 01:20:33.935 --> 01:20:36.634 should certainly be based on a reliable judgement." 1582 01:20:36.636 --> 01:20:37.734 Just getting started. 1583 01:20:38.673 --> 01:20:40.367 Anyone know you're here? 1584 01:20:40.369 --> 01:20:42.367 I don't think anyone knows anyone is here. 1585 01:20:45.268 --> 01:20:48.902 Is there any internal correspondence 1586 01:20:48.904 --> 01:20:51.569 on potential concern 1587 01:20:51.571 --> 01:20:56.633 over the operation of the O-rings or the joints? 1588 01:20:56.635 --> 01:20:59.769 We can ask Jim who works for the contractor that built 1589 01:20:59.771 --> 01:21:02.202 the Solid Rocket Boosters, if they have anything. 1590 01:21:03.772 --> 01:21:06.937 I believe there's some test data in progress now. 1591 01:21:06.939 --> 01:21:08.034 Some from before, 1592 01:21:08.036 --> 01:21:11.633 that, uh, speaks to the resiliency of the O-rings. 1593 01:21:13.368 --> 01:21:14.602 There were some discussions 1594 01:21:14.604 --> 01:21:17.236 the night before the launch, correct? 1595 01:21:17.238 --> 01:21:20.301 Between you and the people at contractors company? 1596 01:21:20.771 --> 01:21:21.901 Yes, sir. 1597 01:21:21.903 --> 01:21:24.233 As a matter of routine, 1598 01:21:24.235 --> 01:21:27.266 we ask our technical people, contractors, 1599 01:21:28.306 --> 01:21:30.268 if there are any concerns. 1600 01:21:30.270 --> 01:21:32.468 And the only concerns that they pointed out 1601 01:21:32.470 --> 01:21:36.535 were the recovery battery, um, temperatures. 1602 01:21:36.537 --> 01:21:37.703 And those are located on the forward end... 1603 01:21:37.705 --> 01:21:38.769 No! 1604 01:21:38.771 --> 01:21:42.536 ...of the Solid Rocket Boosters. 1605 01:21:42.538 --> 01:21:47.435 Did you discuss anything with the contractors or engineers? 1606 01:21:47.437 --> 01:21:53.468 They presented to us the fact that the lowest temperature 1607 01:21:53.470 --> 01:21:58.901 that we had flown an O-ring or a case joint was 53 degrees, 1608 01:21:58.903 --> 01:22:01.803 and they wanted to point out 1609 01:22:01.805 --> 01:22:05.769 that we would be outside our experience base. 1610 01:22:06.805 --> 01:22:07.937 Okay. 1611 01:22:07.939 --> 01:22:11.968 I'm asking because we read in the <i>New York Times</i> 1612 01:22:11.970 --> 01:22:14.434 about memos to NASA 1613 01:22:14.436 --> 01:22:18.871 expressing concern about erosion of the O-rings. 1614 01:22:18.873 --> 01:22:22.304 Are there any documents expressing concern 1615 01:22:22.306 --> 01:22:24.237 about the temperature that morning? 1616 01:22:26.972 --> 01:22:30.201 I'm not aware of any such documents. 1617 01:22:35.571 --> 01:22:39.336 I will go back and... and look, go to my files 1618 01:22:40.237 --> 01:22:41.534 to see if there are any. 1619 01:22:44.504 --> 01:22:45.702 Seriously? 1620 01:22:45.704 --> 01:22:46.903 Guys. 1621 01:22:46.905 --> 01:22:48.266 Liars! 1622 01:22:48.268 --> 01:22:49.835 Shh! 1623 01:22:49.837 --> 01:22:51.135 I can't believe this. 1624 01:22:53.569 --> 01:22:55.735 Someone has to say something. 1625 01:22:55.737 --> 01:22:57.402 Please, the media is here. 1626 01:22:57.404 --> 01:22:58.434 So what? 1627 01:23:02.671 --> 01:23:03.937 What are you doing? 1628 01:23:03.939 --> 01:23:05.235 Please put your hand down. 1629 01:23:05.237 --> 01:23:06.533 I can't let it go down like this. 1630 01:23:07.538 --> 01:23:08.870 That's not working. 1631 01:23:08.872 --> 01:23:10.136 Shh. 1632 01:23:12.704 --> 01:23:14.603 - There you go. - Shh! 1633 01:23:14.605 --> 01:23:16.835 Oh, stop it, you. Go interrupt them. 1634 01:23:16.837 --> 01:23:19.736 [man #2] ...now, we don't know if he did anything about this. 1635 01:23:19.738 --> 01:23:21.269 - I'm not doing this. - Go! 1636 01:23:24.604 --> 01:23:28.603 We... we are all seeing this really for the first time. 1637 01:23:28.605 --> 01:23:30.802 I guess we saw it in the newspaper... 1638 01:23:30.804 --> 01:23:33.668 I'd like to say about the meeting you're talking about... 1639 01:23:33.670 --> 01:23:34.670 earlier. 1640 01:23:34.672 --> 01:23:37.237 [Dr. Ride] Am I correct in assuming that, uh, 1641 01:23:37.239 --> 01:23:40.570 what you described that in the normal chain of authority, 1642 01:23:40.572 --> 01:23:42.736 neither Mr. Cook nor Mr. Mann.... 1643 01:23:42.738 --> 01:23:45.403 I'd like to say something about the meeting 1644 01:23:45.405 --> 01:23:46.667 you were talking about. 1645 01:23:47.938 --> 01:23:51.571 [Jim] Hey, hey, hold on a second, um... 1646 01:23:51.573 --> 01:23:54.569 I believe Jim Whitt will have something to add. 1647 01:23:55.871 --> 01:23:57.771 Yes, I'd like to say about the meeting... 1648 01:23:57.773 --> 01:23:59.536 [Rogers] Excuse me, excuse me. 1649 01:23:59.538 --> 01:24:00.800 Can... can you say that a little louder 1650 01:24:00.802 --> 01:24:02.301 where everyone can hear you? 1651 01:24:03.672 --> 01:24:05.572 [clears throat] 1652 01:24:05.574 --> 01:24:07.969 I'd like to say about the meeting 1653 01:24:07.971 --> 01:24:10.304 you were talking about earlier. 1654 01:24:10.306 --> 01:24:12.570 The meeting was called by us, the engineers. 1655 01:24:14.574 --> 01:24:17.702 And we tied in Marshal Space Flight Center 1656 01:24:17.704 --> 01:24:18.802 in Huntsville, Alabama, 1657 01:24:18.804 --> 01:24:21.836 and Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, 1658 01:24:21.838 --> 01:24:24.870 to let them know our concerns about the colder temperatures, 1659 01:24:24.872 --> 01:24:27.572 and that our recommendation was not to launch. 1660 01:24:27.574 --> 01:24:29.571 [clamoring] 1661 01:24:35.871 --> 01:24:37.904 If what I'm hearing is true 1662 01:24:37.906 --> 01:24:41.404 this could be in litigation for years. 1663 01:24:41.406 --> 01:24:45.472 We initially told them not to launch below 53 degrees. 1664 01:24:45.474 --> 01:24:47.404 We were convinced the seals were compromised 1665 01:24:47.406 --> 01:24:50.406 the lower the temperature got. 1666 01:24:50.408 --> 01:24:53.638 We were moving away from the direction of goodness. 1667 01:24:53.640 --> 01:24:56.238 You never changed your minds about launching? 1668 01:24:56.240 --> 01:24:57.335 No, sir. 1669 01:24:57.337 --> 01:24:58.403 I was in Kennedy, 1670 01:24:58.405 --> 01:25:04.270 and after Adam and Bill expressed their concerns, 1671 01:25:04.272 --> 01:25:07.839 our company in Utah had a private caucus 1672 01:25:07.841 --> 01:25:09.305 and changed their minds. 1673 01:25:10.406 --> 01:25:11.469 [Rogers] You work for that company? 1674 01:25:11.471 --> 01:25:12.837 Yes, sir. 1675 01:25:12.839 --> 01:25:15.637 So you had data and concerns, 1676 01:25:15.639 --> 01:25:17.670 then changed your mind based on what? 1677 01:25:19.905 --> 01:25:21.371 You'd have to ask them in Utah, 1678 01:25:21.373 --> 01:25:23.971 I was not a part of the private meeting 1679 01:25:23.973 --> 01:25:26.303 to reevaluate the data. 1680 01:25:26.305 --> 01:25:27.669 Were you gentlemen there in Utah? 1681 01:25:28.572 --> 01:25:30.271 - Yes, sir. - Yes, sir. 1682 01:25:30.273 --> 01:25:34.537 Did the reevaluation of the data factor into proceeding to fly? 1683 01:25:34.539 --> 01:25:35.669 Yes, sir. 1684 01:25:37.471 --> 01:25:39.270 [Rogers] Why did you decide to fly? 1685 01:25:39.272 --> 01:25:41.505 - We didn't decide to fly. - We didn't decide to fly. 1686 01:25:41.507 --> 01:25:42.969 [Rogers] Well, someone did. 1687 01:25:42.971 --> 01:25:45.771 The gentlemen just said that the private meeting 1688 01:25:45.773 --> 01:25:48.835 resulted in changing the recommendation to launch. 1689 01:25:48.837 --> 01:25:51.705 And now you're saying you did not? 1690 01:25:51.707 --> 01:25:54.304 Nelson, did their company recommend a launch? 1691 01:25:54.306 --> 01:25:55.369 Yes, sir. 1692 01:25:56.672 --> 01:25:58.136 [Rogers] So who changed their mind? 1693 01:26:01.940 --> 01:26:05.903 Bill and I are O-ring experts and the recommendation 1694 01:26:05.905 --> 01:26:08.704 to launch win against our recommendation. 1695 01:26:09.704 --> 01:26:12.936 We faxed over a lot of documents 1696 01:26:12.938 --> 01:26:16.870 and our official engineering perspective to not launch. 1697 01:26:18.472 --> 01:26:21.235 NASA put pressure on our leadership, 1698 01:26:21.237 --> 01:26:25.506 our boss conveyed a meeting with everyone in Utah, 1699 01:26:25.508 --> 01:26:27.272 and they decided to launch. 1700 01:26:29.305 --> 01:26:30.571 [Rogers] Did you change your mind? 1701 01:26:30.573 --> 01:26:32.335 No, sir. Never. 1702 01:26:32.337 --> 01:26:33.803 [Rogers] How about you? 1703 01:26:33.805 --> 01:26:35.303 No, sir. 1704 01:26:35.305 --> 01:26:36.471 [Rogers] And you? 1705 01:26:36.473 --> 01:26:39.405 No. In fact, they faxed over a document 1706 01:26:39.407 --> 01:26:40.771 and tried to get me to sign it, 1707 01:26:40.773 --> 01:26:43.238 recommending we fly and I refused. 1708 01:26:47.673 --> 01:26:49.537 What were your initial findings? 1709 01:26:49.539 --> 01:26:52.371 When we tested at the lower temperatures, 1710 01:26:52.373 --> 01:26:54.769 we... we saw that it took... 1711 01:26:54.771 --> 01:26:58.301 Can you quantify how poorly this is going for you? 1712 01:27:00.704 --> 01:27:03.538 Not as poorly as it's gonna go for the guy 1713 01:27:03.540 --> 01:27:06.205 who throws his own company under the bus. 1714 01:27:08.340 --> 01:27:10.571 Maybe you ought to get a handle on that. 1715 01:27:14.674 --> 01:27:15.873 [Rogers] Mr. Nelson? 1716 01:27:15.875 --> 01:27:17.637 I'd like to see the signed document 1717 01:27:17.639 --> 01:27:18.805 that recommends to launch. 1718 01:27:18.807 --> 01:27:21.439 Yes, sir. I have the signed document 1719 01:27:21.441 --> 01:27:24.438 from the contracting company that recommends to launch. 1720 01:27:26.408 --> 01:27:28.405 [somber music] 1721 01:27:52.540 --> 01:27:54.238 [lawyer] What did we all talked about earlier? 1722 01:27:54.240 --> 01:27:56.737 If you're asked a question, you say what? 1723 01:27:56.739 --> 01:27:58.839 - Yes, no, and what? - [all mumbling] 1724 01:27:58.841 --> 01:28:00.639 And what did I hear? 1725 01:28:00.641 --> 01:28:02.639 [indistinct chatter] 1726 01:28:08.272 --> 01:28:11.338 [Nelson] We're the company guys, we're going to work tomorrow. 1727 01:28:11.340 --> 01:28:12.806 I just wanted you to know, 1728 01:28:12.808 --> 01:28:16.504 what you men did in there today was incredibly brave. 1729 01:28:16.506 --> 01:28:17.905 Thank you. 1730 01:28:17.907 --> 01:28:19.736 I hope you know that there are laws 1731 01:28:19.738 --> 01:28:22.538 to protect you against any retaliation 1732 01:28:22.540 --> 01:28:24.936 for what you have said here today. 1733 01:28:24.938 --> 01:28:27.237 We'll see. 1734 01:28:27.239 --> 01:28:29.607 Is anything gonna happen to these guys? 1735 01:28:29.609 --> 01:28:33.338 We are here to learn and to make recommendations 1736 01:28:33.340 --> 01:28:35.870 to the President and then he will decide. 1737 01:28:35.872 --> 01:28:38.572 [Dr. Ride] I think the best thing to do 1738 01:28:38.574 --> 01:28:40.238 is to simply keep telling the truth. 1739 01:28:40.909 --> 01:28:41.906 [Bill] Yes, ma'am. 1740 01:28:44.873 --> 01:28:46.871 [dramatic music] 1741 01:28:57.608 --> 01:28:59.606 [somber music] 1742 01:29:21.506 --> 01:29:22.736 I'm not hungry anymore. 1743 01:29:24.942 --> 01:29:26.273 He'll come around. 1744 01:29:29.240 --> 01:29:30.303 No, he won't. 1745 01:29:31.806 --> 01:29:33.339 - [Finch] <i>Adam.</i> - [Adam] <i>Yeah.</i> 1746 01:29:33.341 --> 01:29:38.305 I just wanted to ask you, um, we have no proof. 1747 01:29:38.307 --> 01:29:41.840 You don't have any money to afford a team like this. 1748 01:29:41.842 --> 01:29:44.471 And I can already see it's an unwinnable case. 1749 01:29:44.473 --> 01:29:46.838 So what's the real reason you wanna do this? 1750 01:29:48.972 --> 01:29:50.704 No one was prosecuted. 1751 01:29:52.342 --> 01:29:54.538 No one lost their jobs except for the people 1752 01:29:54.540 --> 01:29:56.371 <i>who were trying to do the right thing.</i> 1753 01:29:58.241 --> 01:30:01.941 [Adam] <i>And now, seven of society's finest are dead.</i> 1754 01:30:01.943 --> 01:30:03.473 <i>And they're gonna stay dead.</i> 1755 01:30:04.710 --> 01:30:06.371 Don't you think we need to try something? 1756 01:30:06.373 --> 01:30:08.205 I do. 1757 01:30:08.207 --> 01:30:11.304 But it's just going to wind up being a stunt 1758 01:30:11.306 --> 01:30:12.972 to try the case in public, 1759 01:30:12.974 --> 01:30:15.241 and give them a black eye in the news 1760 01:30:15.243 --> 01:30:16.240 for a couple of days. 1761 01:30:18.676 --> 01:30:20.473 I can live with that. 1762 01:30:20.475 --> 01:30:23.572 You do know beating up the bully won't bring you peace. 1763 01:30:25.308 --> 01:30:26.838 Maybe it'll bring justice. 1764 01:30:29.508 --> 01:30:31.506 Have you ever gotten either one that way? 1765 01:30:35.409 --> 01:30:37.407 [somber music] 1766 01:30:48.441 --> 01:30:50.440 I don't care what you have to say. 1767 01:30:58.207 --> 01:31:00.205 [somber music] 1768 01:31:31.709 --> 01:31:34.241 I am an O-ring expert. 1769 01:31:34.243 --> 01:31:35.805 I worked for the company that built 1770 01:31:35.807 --> 01:31:37.307 the Solid Rocket Boosters 1771 01:31:37.309 --> 01:31:39.608 for the Space Shuttle Challenger. 1772 01:31:39.610 --> 01:31:43.273 And the decision to launch went against our recommendation. 1773 01:31:47.540 --> 01:31:49.239 But I guess you knew that already, huh? 1774 01:31:54.340 --> 01:31:57.337 I wanna ask you, how many of you are planning to be engineers? 1775 01:32:01.310 --> 01:32:04.472 Everyone. Okay. 1776 01:32:05.376 --> 01:32:06.373 That's great. 1777 01:32:07.877 --> 01:32:10.208 Really, that is... that is great. 1778 01:32:13.677 --> 01:32:14.973 You know, what... what I think 1779 01:32:14.975 --> 01:32:16.541 I want to talk to you about today 1780 01:32:16.543 --> 01:32:20.639 is about the value of the human life. 1781 01:32:20.641 --> 01:32:24.808 [Adam] <i>Because all of you are gonna go on to build roads,</i> 1782 01:32:24.810 --> 01:32:32.373 <i>bridges, toys, cars, rockets, homes, whatever.</i> 1783 01:32:32.375 --> 01:32:35.572 <i>Whatever it is, an engineer thinks it and makes it.</i> 1784 01:32:46.977 --> 01:32:50.440 - [Charis] Hi, dad. - Hey, kids. Hi, girls. 1785 01:32:50.442 --> 01:32:52.840 - Hey. We'll be back later. - Hi. 1786 01:33:18.241 --> 01:33:20.639 [breathes heavily] 1787 01:33:24.275 --> 01:33:27.606 [Adam] <i>But I just want you to remember</i> 1788 01:33:27.608 --> 01:33:29.906 <i>to see the people on the other side</i> 1789 01:33:29.908 --> 01:33:32.972 <i>of whatever it is that you make.</i> 1790 01:33:32.974 --> 01:33:35.772 <i>And also remember the people you made it with.</i> 1791 01:33:36.442 --> 01:33:37.440 <i>Yeah?</i> 1792 01:33:54.645 --> 01:33:56.642 [somber music] 1793 01:34:35.493 --> 01:34:40.493 Subtitles by explosiveskull